Modern European philosophy, which starts from the doubt, cannot delve into the spiritual realm that man has never ceased to explore. Therefore, learning from traditional philosophies, we must aim to make "a universal theology," which is a new expression of spiritual philosophy based on the concept of multidimensionality of cosmos and self, with no attachment to a particular religion. This new philosophy/theology shows "a grand design of cosmos," which existed in traditional philosophies. It includes the following topics: the Source, the multidimensionality of cosmos, earth and self, soul and alayavijnana, world soul, grace, the providence, and spiritual evolution. Though a few of these topics were covered in various theories such as Kyoto school philosophy, the transpersonal psychology, and Christian and Buddhist philosophies, never before have they been integrated as a single philosophical system of spirituality.

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Purpose: In acupuncture and moxibustion medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion do operation at acupoints (static acupoints) and reactive points (dynamic acupoints) in the skin. In the present study, focusing on the skin, we evaluated the influences of acupuncture on the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in epidermal local. Methods: The study was carried out in volunteers and patient groups. Acupuncture was performed at non-acupoints, static acupoints and dynamic acupoints. Changes in ORP, pH, and Aging Index (AI) after these parameters were evaluated. Results: No significant change was observed after acupuncture at non-acupoints and static acupoints. ORP significantly decreased, but pH showed no significant changes following acupuncture of Cu and Zn at dynamic acupoints. Conclusion: Acupuncture of Cu and Zn at dynamic acupoints may have changed an electric potential in local epidermis, resulting in a change of ORP and AI.

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Taireido, literally meaning "the way of Great Spirit," was an alternative kind of psychotherapy which flourished from 1916 to 1929. Its founder, Tanaka Morihei, was once a poor working student with a nationalistic inclination. He tried to make a direct appeal to the emperor in 1903 to persuade him to take a military action to Russia. This event made him famous nationwide, but at the same time he was obliged to live in seclusion for a while. In 1905 Tanaka had a strange experience of automatic movement after he completed 90 days fast, and got a supernormal power of healing. After this experience his life was divided between political activities and psychotherapy movement, and Taireido he started was a combination of a school of hypnotism, a new religious movement, and a political body. In this paper I chronicled the biography of Tanaka Morihei, analyzed hypnotic, religious and political elements in Taireido, and discussed the relationship between his metaphysical and political thoughts. In conclusion, his theory on a kind of inner spirituality corresponds to his political program, and his worship of Tairei (Great Spirit) is related to his view of the modern nation of Japan.

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