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Volume 48 (2013)
- Issue 4 Pages 133-
- Issue 3 Pages 103-
- Issue 2 Pages 49-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 48, Issue 1
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Original Paper
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Kentaro MATSUO, Mikio YASHIRO2013 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 1-9
Published: March 20, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe causes of lower accuracy of seeding when using a belt type planter were analyzed by a high-speed camera and were found to be the following.
1) For radish seeds or spinach seeds, the standard deviation of the seed spacing just after the seeds have fallen is large (19 cm),whereas for coated carrot seeds, it is small (10 cm). 2) If the seeds are uneven in shape and size, the orientation is not even when the seeds enter the belt’s holes and so, the release points of the seeds vary. 3) The variation of the fall angle of the seeds is greater when the seeds drop from the curved portion of the belt. 4) As the angle of the wall of the guide pipe becomes more horizontal, the fall angle of the seeds after collision with the wall becomes large and uneven. 5) When radish seeds or spinach seeds pass through the guide pipe, about 80% of seeds struck the guide pipe. 6) When seeds pass through the guide pipe, the standard deviation in the seed spacing is approximately 2.5 times of that without the guide pipe. 7) When the rotation direction of the belt is opposite to the direction of motion of the planter, the seed spacing distribution varies greatly. 8) When the guide pipe is not used and the fall distance of the seeds is long, the probability of the seeds colliding with a tire and the furrow opener increases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1602K)
Research Papers
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Effect of No-Tillage and Hairy Vetch Mulch on Soil Properties and Tomato Yield in Plastic GreenhouseHajime ARAKI, Takashi FUJII2013 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 11-20
Published: March 20, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffectiveness of the no-till and plant residue mulch of hairy vetch (HV) on soil properties and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) yield was examined in plastic greenhouse, andosol soil, in Muramatsu Station, Niigata University. HV was sown at the seeding density of 5 kg/10a on October 5, 1998 and mowed on May 13, 1999. Tomato plants ‘Momotaro T93’, grafted with ‘Kagemusha’, were planted in 4 types of field, conventionally tilled soil (Till), no-tilled soil (NT), tilled soil with HV mulch (NT-HV) and no-tilled soil with HV mulch (NT-HV) in a plastic greenhouse on May 14 and grown to September 30. Soil hardness in no-tilled soil was higher than that in tilled soils, however HV mulch decreased high soil hardness shown in NT and lightened the ratio-change in three-phases of soil during tomato production in the soil environment. Tomato yield in Till-HV was highest, following NT-HV, and that in NT was smallest. HV contributed high nitrate concentration in tomato plants in early growth period, and led to vigorous growth and fruit enlargement in tomato productivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (504K) -
Muneki TOMITA, Keiko MINAGAWA, Takeshi HAJI, Yasuro SUGIURA, Shigeyosh ...2013 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
Published: March 20, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe growing number of elderly and female operators in agriculture is prompting the need for a revision of the Japanese safety standards for agricultural machinery. In this study, the physical attributes of elderly and female farm workers in relation to the operation of agricultural machinery were measured and compared with the dimensions of the safety equipment of machinery that complies with current standards. The items investigated were the height of the lowest step and grab bar, the adjustment range of the driver’s seat and the force needed to operate the brake pedals. The subjects of this study were 179 workers, including 48 elderly and 54 females in 14 prefectures. 56 tractors, 10 combine harvesters, 11 rice transplanters and 6 air blast sprayers were measured. Our results showed that the height of the lowest step on 96% of the measured machinery was greater than the upper quartile of female foot-lifting height. Grab bars on 3 tractors were higher than the upper quartile of female grasping height. The range of seat adjustment was insufficient to permit full braking by operators whose height was under 150 cm. The median of the pedal force applied by females was about the half of the upper limit of the standard, and the brake operating force in 87% of the measured machinery was lower than this median. All the equipment measured in this study would benefit from a revision of the standards, but a close examination of the costs of this change and its effects on general usability will be needed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1213K)
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