There were some movements on laws relative to technicians education in the United States in recent years. The first is laying a bill of the National Technicains Training Act before the Congress in 1987, which was rejected as it turned out. The second is passing revision of Carl D. Perkins Vocational Act in September 1990. And the third, that is not directly concerned with technicians education, is passing revision of the Job Training Partnership Act in September 1992. What background is behind these recent chain movements on laws? Therefore, the aim of this paper is studying the significance of the movements connected with technicains education. Through several reports that pointed out the decline of labor force quality we find out that the United States has problems of work skills, especially decline of skills. Refering to technicians, the problem is probably that 2-year college graduates don't satisfy the labor market enough, in terms of skill requirement for technicians. To put it concretely, technicians are required to have a broader and higher base level of education/training. Against such requirements from the labor market, 2-year postsecondary institutions, as a supplier, are making efforts to carry forward curricula reformation that is called "Advanced Skills Program" done by "articulation" with secondary institutions. Advanced Skills Programs take two main forms, that is the Core Curriculum (or 'Tech Prep') Model and the Vocational - technical "2+2" Model. The purpose of the Advanced Skills Programs is to let students get through the curricula not to quickly but more efficiently. Most of these programs have a high-technology emphasis, deliver more concentrated and more advanced content, and result in graduate students at a "master technician" level. The following is that I give significance to such movements of 2-year postsecondary institutions. The vocational programs at secondary institutions must have been playing an important role in supplying technicians while the educational opportunities for postsecondary level, like the present, haven't spread yet. As postsecondary education spread after that, the core of supplying technicians has been shifting gradually from secondary to postsecondary. And the technicians' skills which are required in the labor market must have already been above the skills which should be acquired at secondary level, because the demand side is requiring higher level skills and broader capabilities from technicians at present. Such skills and capabilities may be nearing what should be acquired at 4-year colleges. Rather, I think that the core of supplying technicians has shifted to 4-year colleges already. Nowadays, postsecondary institutions are required to raise the educational target to the level of technicians' skills required by the demand side, in any case. 2-year postsecondary institutions which have been forming the core of supplying tecnicians are accordingly making effort in the curricula reformation, like the Advanced Skills Program on the "articulation" with secondary institutions. Nowadays, 2-year postsecondary institutions have a huge influence in the United States on account of its having the largest role as a method of mass higher education. Therefore, I understand that they are forced to make great effort to supply technicians, and also the movements of laws relative to technicians education have such background.

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Nowadays, the public vocational training facilities have been reorganized starting from 1978 when the vocational training law was revised. Later, the human resources development promotion law was established in 1985. This paper attempts to analyze the actual state of reorganization of public vocational training facilities after 1978. Namely, to put it more concretely, this paper made clear relation between training of skilled workers and vocational training college, skill development centre, prefectural vocational training facilities, authorized vocational training facilities, computer college. The results are as follows: (1) Object of cultivation in vocational training college is training of "technician" which is acquired technics and skill. In training curriculum, experiment, practical training and technical subject of information technology, electronics were attached great importance. (2) The prefectural vocational training facilities have been implementing the reorganization since the role-sharing between the prefectural vocational training facilities and the Employment Promotion Corporation's vocational training facilities was decided. For example, in Fukuoka prefecture, the occupational capability redevelopment training has been gradually decreasing. Also in initial training, training courses unrelated to regional industry were converted or have actually been abolished. The other hand, in Kanagawa prefecture, the system of vocational training was converted from "type in kind of work training" to "type of job family-unit training". (3) The vocational training college within enterprise has training course in relation to micro-electronics-based technology, such as mecha-tronics, electronic-machinery, information technology, and trains new type labour force as "technician". (4) A condition of entrance into computer college show us that industry high school graduates have been decreasing, and non-industry highschool graduates gradually have been increasing. The educational programme in computer college was restricted to occupational qualification. The Expense of computer college is less cheap than miscellaneous school, however we must not lessen expense of computer college thouth computer college charges Employment Promotion Corporation 750,000 yen a student for expense. A half the vocational training instructors are dispatched from juridical person for vocational training to computer college. (5) Thus, a expansion of off-the-job training has clarified a limit of training within enterprise, and include an opportunity which labour can require development and upgrading of their vocational capability. Consequently, from the point of view a lifelong training, it is necessary to expand and provide organization for acquirement of vocational ability to be applied high technology and social enviroment: public vocational training.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristic of the course of "Agricultural Machinery", which is among one of the course of "Agriculture" according to the transition of its establishment and outline edited by each upper secondary school. The course of "Agricultural Machinery" has been statistically established since 1962. Although the number of course of "Food Production" and "Agricultural Civil Engineering" which are in the same group of course named "Course of Training Agricultural Engineers", has extremely increased in 1960s. The number of course of "Agricultural Machinery" didn't tend to increase like the number of those course. The course of "Agricultural Machinery" has been established and abolished repeatedly at each upper secondary school. The cause of these phenomena depends on agricultural policy based on "The Fundamentals of Agricultural Law" and educational contents equivalent of policy in this course. Since the enactment of "The Fundamentals of Agricultural Law", agricultural policy has pursued to extend the area of farm in scale per one farm family and to introduce big agricultural machines. But this plan went so wrong that each policy of agriculture has been modified over and over again. In addition to the above, some course of "Agricultural Machinery" has been changed to course of "Machinery" and "Motor Vehicle" which are involved among course of "Industry". According to the analysis of curricula in the course of "Agricultural Machinery", there is a small number of credits for subject "Agricultural Machiery" and there are numbers of credits for subjects related with "Industry" and there is, however, a small number credits for "Drawing" comparing with the course of expected to master not planning and developing of agricultural machines but operating and repairing them. If the purpose of the course of "Agricultural Machinery" is as the same as stated above, the author can't help indicating that the number in this course wouldn't increase more than before.

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