The purpose of this paper is to focus on "Der Deutsche Frobel-Verband, 1874" and to clarify the curriculum formulation process from the point of view of a teacher training education for preschool teachers which is aimed at their career establishment. It appears that examining a curriculum, which plays an important role in a teacher trainind education, would lead us to know the quality of a teacher training education in the late 19^<th> century. For this reason, this paper investigates the curriculum practiced by Der Deutsche Frobel-Verband that sustained the important part of the preschool teacher training. In this paper the author rearranged the concept of F. Frobel preschool teacher training followed by investigation of Der Deutsche Frobel-Verband in Germany and the problems of the training, giving examples of the curriculum practices in various places from 1860 on, and the conclusion. In conclusion, the author pointed out that the F. Frobel curriculum has the following features; 1. the training period lasted from pne to two years, 2. the content of the training course was to systematize a preschool education properly linked with elementary education, 3. the curriculum corroborated the high expertise of preschool teachers.

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Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University was founded on 1 March 2009 as a new kind of higher education institution in Germany which combines academic studies in university and long-term practice in companies and social institutions, the so-called dual partners. In this article I tried to clarify the actual situation of role of dual partners in personnel training at Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University. The characteristics of role of dual partners can be summarized as follows. The professor of this university and the dual partners are both members of Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University. In other words, the dual partners have the right to take part in the autonomy of university and the accomplishment of university's mission. Therefore the dual partners play a variety of roles. For instance, they select the candidate for admission to the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University themselves, and moreover, they pay student a monthly remuneration for the duration of their studies. In addition, they employ many graduates of this university. Most important of all, they intensive take part in the Plan-Do-Check-Act of academic studies and long-term practice. This role of dual partners has made possible integration of academic studies and practice in Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University.

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The purpose of this case study is to research into the courses of graduates of Nagano Middle School, based on "The Memorials of the 25th Anniversary". Investigation into the combination of advancement and employment shows the part of the social function of Nagano Middle School. This paper focused on the following points. First, is the attribute of the schools (type of establishment, location, type of schools, and fields they studied) the graduates went on to. Secondly, is which graduates engaged in any industries. By matching these data, this paper clarified the relationship between the advancement and employment. Through this paper, the following points were mainly clarified. 1) Most of graduates went to schools outside Nagano prefecture. 2) About two-thrids of graduates went to national special colleges or imperial universities. About one-thrid of graduates went to private special college, or schools outside the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, and so on. 3) Many graduates who went to imperial universities studied law, medical science, engineering, and so on. They engaged mainly in national public service outside Nagano prefecture. 4) Many graduates who went to special colleges studied medical science. They engaged mainly in medical treatment.

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