All issues
Volume 29 (1993)
- Issue 2 Pages 1-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 29, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Kyeoung-Suk Cho, Tadahiro Mori, Jun-ichi Koizumi1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe microflora on the corroded concrete sewer pipe at the water level where the most severe corrosion had occurred, was investigated using a specific identification method for species of acidophilic thiobacilli. This method was very convenient for handling many isolates within a short time, though chemotaxonomical analysis must follow in order to identify them specifically. When the corroded sample was examined using several solid media, bacterial colonies were found only on acid solid media (pH 2.5) ; fungi were detected on neutral solid media (pH 6.5) as well as on acid media (pH 2.5) . The acidophilic bacterial colonies were identified asThiobacillus thiooxidansaccording to the identification method. Fungi appearing on each medium had morphological similarity. These results indicate that the most severely corroded sewer pipe at the water level was inhabited by only two kinds of microorganisms, T. thiooxidans and an acid-resistant fungus. The simplification of the microflora may be caused by low pH and a single energy source of sulfide. Two strains, T. thiooxidans OMSO 24 and T. thiooxidans OMSO 44, isolated from the corroded sewer pipe, were found to oxidize sulfur compounds, such as H2S and elemental sulfur, to sulfate. This fact proved that they participated in the acceleration of corrosion of the concrete sewer pipe.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
Koji HIRANO, Katuhiko YOSIDA1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 11-18
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAdaptation of grown-up flower plants to effluent of domestic wastewater treatment plant was examined in order to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the effluent. The concentration of nutrients in the effluent ranged from 1/10 to 1/50 of the standard culture fluid for hydroponics of plants. The growth of 30 kinds of the flower plants was studied at veranda of our laboratory during all the 4 seasons. The results demonstrated that 18 flower plants, such asImpatiens sultanii, Tagetes erecta, Salvia splendensetc., suited well for the hydroponic cultivation on the wastewater effluent. Among the flowering plants tested, Impatiens sultaniishowed the highest nitrogen and phosphorus absorption rate. During the experiments of nutrient salt removal, in which artificial waterway apparatus and synthetic wastewater were used, Impatiens sultaniiremoved T-N and T-P at an efficiency of 40% and 98% during 4 months from August to November.Mentha spp. also removed T-N and T-P both at an efficiency of over 90% during 2 months from September to October.
From these results, it was demonstrated that several kinds of grown-up flower plants may be available for the removal of phosphorus and nitrog en from the effluent of domestic wastewater treatment plant.View full abstractDownload PDF (924K) -
Kenji FURUKAWA, Kenrou TOKUHIRO, Masanori FUJITA1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 19-24
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiodegradability of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in Ai River located in northern part of Osaka Prefecture was evaluated by River Die-Away method. Based on water quality examination on 4 occasions, the water quality of Ai River was found to be relatively clean, and met the environmental quality standards applied. Water quality of down steram was also clean owing to the expansion of sewage treatment. Slow SDS degradation rates were obtained for river water samples taken from the clean up stream sites, but the degradation rates increased for the samples taken from the relatively polluted down stream sites. It was revealed experimentally that SDS degradation rates of river micro organisms determined by River Die-Away method were closely related with the degree of water pollution in the river. Also, SDS degradation rates in clean river water sample of Ai River increased by the supplementation of nitrogen compound. This indicates that nitrogen is a rate limiting nutrient for SDS biodegradation in Ai River.View full abstractDownload PDF (616K) -
Zatar Iqbal Bhatt, Kenji Furukawa, Masanori Fujita1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 25-29
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA laboratory scale UASB reactor, seeded with granular sludge cultivated on brewery waste, was started up for the treatment of methanolic wastes. Methanolic removal efficiency of 87% was achieved at an average solids loading rate of 0.69 g methanol/g MLSS·d but the efficiency dropped to 65% at the maximum applied loading rate of 1.56 g methanol/g MLSS·d. Total fatty acids concentration was high in the effluent. Average gas production was 0.30 L-CH4per gram of methanol removed. Sludge production rate over the study period was calculated to be 0.047 g VSS/g methanol removed. The results manifested that anaerobic treatment of methanolic wastes has good potential for practical application and that granular sludge developed on brewery wastes is a suitable material to start-up an UASB reactor for the treatment of methanolic wastes.View full abstractDownload PDF (454K) -
Kazuhito MURAKAMI, Yuhei INAMORI, Norio HAYASHI, Ryuichi SUDO1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 31-38
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to determine the effect of microbial pesticide on growth of micro animals such as protozoa and metazoa from measuring specific growth rate (μ) and maximum individual number (Nmax) of these micro animals. As a result, protozoa such asCyclidium glaucoma, Tetrahymena pyriformisandColpidium campylumandmetazoasuch asPhilodina erythrophthalmaandAeolosomahemprichi were able to grow in culture of bacterial insecticide such asBacillus thuringiensissubsp.aizawaiKH, B.t.kurstakiandPseudomonas fluorescensIID5115, but could not grow in culture of fungal insecticide such asBcauveria bassianaandTrichoderma harzianum.These outcomes suggest that bacterial insecticide will decrease after spreading to environment, but fungal insecticide will survive. So, it was considered that environmental assessment have to be done carefully before using microbial pesticide.View full abstractDownload PDF (955K) -
Yuhei INAMORI, Kazuhito MURAKAMI, Minako TSUNODA, Ruka SATOH, Yasushi ...1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 39-49
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, effect of environmental factors on interaction between genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) and their parental strains was investigated. Some species ofEscherichia colistrains were supplied to analysis of competition of GEMs and their parental strains, but finally, E.coli HB101/pBR325 andE.coliHB101 were selected to investigate their interaction. In batch culture, the specific rgrowthate (μ) and Ks were measured respectively, and in the serial transfer culture, the rate of maximum individual number (Nmax) and their continuous change were observed. As a result of this study, it was suggested that the rate of individual number of GEMs decrease in long term culture with their parental strain. So, it was considered that the prosperity and decay of GEMs and their parental strains are almost same or GEMs are not able to survive longer than their parental strains in any environment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1323K) -
Seiko KANEMATU1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 51-57
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicroorganisms adhered to river bed were investigated during the spring and the summer seasons. In the spring season, investigation of the water quality was carried out with chemical methods. At the same time, the dominant species of the microorganisms adhered to the river bed were also investigated separately The saprobity in the surface water in terms of saprobic index of the species was following;
Points (1) - (4), (6) and (7) : oligo-saprobity, S=1.0±0.5
Points (5), (8) - (10) : β-meso-saprobity, S=2.0±0.5
Points (11), (12) : α-meso-saprobity, S=3.0±0.5
During the summers, the microorganisms adhered to the river bed at the same points was investigated. About 10 species were observed at every point. This method of deciding the quality of the water with respect to species is quicker and more economical than the chemical method; Microorganisms indicate the past career of water quality for a fairly long time. But because of the differences in temperature, environment of a river bed and the water current, the dominant species assume a different aspect. So a deeper understanding of the water environment is the best measure to prevent water pollution. Needless to say, the origin of water pollution should be managed and controlled. By avoiding disposal of scrap materials into a river side and burning of plants, which thickly grow up in a dry river in winters, we can probably attain our purpose by reducing water pollution more than 10 %View full abstractDownload PDF (2101K) -
Seiko KANEMATU1993 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 59-62
Published: July 01, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLake Narutaki dam is situated in the Kibi Plateau, middle of the smooth hilly regions of Okayama prefecture. This dam has special water quality problems as it supplies city water. These problems are; (1) Coloring is caused by dissolved Mn and Fe from the bottom of the lake where oxygen is almost decreased to zero, (2) A nasty smell and bad taste of city water is originated from vegatative planktons. Therefore, the investigation into the actual condition of this lake was carried out from June to December of 1991. Mn and Fe were always found to be dissolved at the bottom of the lake in high concentration. In the middle of the lake, Fe concentration decreased but Mn had almost the same concentration as that of the bottom. At the surface of the lake, Fe concentration was 0.1-0.3 mg/L while Mn concentration was 0.02-0.4 mg/L. The vertical profile of the vegetative plankton in the water made no great difference until 4 m depth, but it radically decreased in deeper places more than 6 m depth. The following treatment methods are proposed from these data; (1) In order to avoid the influence and transport of Fe and Mn in the filter and subsequent back washing, the income pipe position should be varied in depth according to the season, (2) Longer contact with manganese powder for removing the color and prolonged contact with charcoal for removing nasty smell and bad taste, (3) Introducing advanced treatment for example Ozone treatment for upgrading the taste. With the use of above treatment methods, the problems are thought to alleviate. However, the measure of the origin of pollution is desirable to protect the water quality of this lake, because water is scarece in this region and the only source of water supply is this dam.View full abstractDownload PDF (358K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|