Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology
Online ISSN : 1881-0438
Print ISSN : 0910-6758
ISSN-L : 0910-6758
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Volume 42, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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ORIGINALS
  • Effects of Fish on Transparency of Water in Tank with Porous Concrete Block and Phosphorus Absorbent
    NOBUYUKI AIKO, MASAYUKI SETO
    Article type: ORIGINALS
    2006 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2521/jswtb.42.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effects of fish (Cobitis sp. S, Gambusia affinis, Oryzias latipes) or snail (Cipangopaludina japonica) on water quality were studied by using a 30 l tank with sediment, tap water and purification materials of porous concrete block and phosphorus absorbent. During ca. 120-day incubation, the transparency of water in a tank with Cobitis sp. S was lower, and the concentrations of both total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in water were higher than those in a tank without fish or snail. In contrast, in a tank with G. affinis or O. latipes, the transparency of water was higher, and the concentrations of both TP and TN in water were lower than those in a tank without fish or snail. It was suggested that G. affinis or O. latipes ingested planktonic both particulate phosphorus and nitrogen, and consequently dropped excrement on sediment, decreasing TP and TN in water.
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  • Hydrogen Production with Volatile Fatty Acids by Enrichment Culture of Halotolerant Photosynthetic Bacteria from Tideland Sediment
    YASUNORI KAWAGOSHI, HIROKAZU TAKAHASHI, YUKO OKAZAKI, HITOSHI HASEGAWA ...
    Article type: ORIGINALS
    2006 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 9-16
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2521/jswtb.42.9
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    For the purpose of hydrogen production with the wastewater from anaerobic hydrogen fermentation process, the enrichment of halotolerant photosynthetic hydrogen producing bacteria (PHPB) from tideland sediment sample with three lower volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as the substrate was carried out. The enriched halotolerant PHPB culture was obtained by serial subculture method with malic acid as a substrate at first. The enriched culture produced hydrogen of 1mol-H2/mol-acetic acid, 1.3 mol-H2/mol-lactic acid and 4.0 mol-H2/mol-butyric acid under anaerobic condition at 30 ℃, pH 7.0 and 6,000 lx of light irradiation. In addition, the all VFAs were consumed completely during hydrogen production period, thus it was considered that the enriched PHPB culture was useful for not only hydrogen production but also wastewater treatment from anaerobic hydrogen fermentation process.
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  • Start-up of the Single Stage Nitrogen Removal System Using Anammox Granules and Its Affecting Factors
    URARA IMAJO, YOHEI KAWANO, KENJI FURUKAWA
    Article type: ORIGINALS
    2006 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 17-25
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2521/jswtb.42.17
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recently, nitrogen pollution is one of the biggest problems and novel nitrogen removal process, Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is now regarded to be a promising alternative to the conventional nitrogen removal process. In Anammox reaction, ammonia is oxidized to nitrogen gas using nitrite as an electron donor. Recently, CANON process, in which nitrification to nitrite and anammox occur in one reactor, has been developed. Using anammox granules, new CANON reactor could be started up within 1 month and the anammox rate of the reactor was 56% of that of the seed granules. The reactor showed a stable nitrogen removal performance for 4 months. The average nitrogen removal rate of the reactor was observed to be 0.4 kgN/m3/d and the average nitrogen removal efficiency was 74%. There seems to be various factors affecting CANON process, in which nitrification in aerobic condition and anaerobic anammox reaction occur at the same time. Among them, DO concentration was proved to be the most important factor affecting nitrogen removal efficiency in CANON process.
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  • Biochemical Characteristics of Microcystin LR Degradation by Typical Protease
    KUNIHIRO OKANO, HIDEAKI MASEDA, KAZUTOSHI SUGITA, TAKESHI SAITO, MOTOO ...
    Article type: ORIGINALS
    2006 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 27-35
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2521/jswtb.42.27
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In this study, effect of pH value on the stability of microcystin LR, potential of the degradation by typical proteases and its initial degradation process by cell free extract (CE) of Novosphingobium (synonym: Sphingomonas) sp. MD-1 using mass spectrometry (MS) were examined in vitro studies. Microcystin LR was stable within a wide range of pH 2-11. Cyclic microcystin LR was also stable to 12 kinds of proteases, and was not degraded at all. MlrA (microcystinase) and its homologous enzymes were found to be very specific enzymes. Initial linearized microcystin LR by the CE of microcystin-degrading bacteria Novosphingobium sp. MD-1 was identified by MS. The linearized microcystin LR was found to be the same structure as the intermediate by Novosphingobium (synonym: Sphingomonas) sp. ACM3962 and Sphingomonas sp. B91–2). The identified linearized microcystin LR was degraded by 9 kinds of proteases, and the cleavage was considered to start from L-Arg in the C-terminal. However, those activities were extremely low compared with CE of Novoshpingobium sp. MD-1. Therefore, mlrA gene cluster including MlrA and MlrB was found to be a highly specific and rare enzyme group in the microcystin LR degradation.
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  • Prediction of Microcystis Growth as a Function of Nutrient Salts Concentration Based on Lake Origin
    HIDEKI TATSUMOTO, YOSHIMASA AMANO, MOTOI MACHIDA, DENNIS GEORGE, SHARO ...
    Article type: ORIGINALS
    2006 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 37-44
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2521/jswtb.42.37
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In recent year, the worth of water quality in lakes has decreased because of the increase of nutrients concentration and the appearance of water blooms. It is important for the preservation of water environment to understand how the water blooms are related with the essential factors such as the ratio between total nitrogen, TN, and total phosphorus, TP, and the concentration of TN and TP for their growth. In this paper, the quantitative model for the prediction of water blooms (Chl.a) as a function of the ratio between TN and TP and the coefficient α regarding to lake origin, which reflects the difference of TN and TP concentration, was constructed. The results were summarized as follows: there was negative correlation between α value and TN, TP concentration for each lake origin. The α values for dammed lake, coastal lake, tectonic lake, crater lake and caldera lake were determined to be 8.0, 11.5, 13.0, 31.5 and 33.5, respectively. The α value was featured as the factor for degree of eutrophication in lakes, i.e., the lower α value represents that the eutrophication have been much progressing. The degree of eutrophication based on lake origin would follow in order of dammed lake, coastal lake, tectonic lake, crater lake and caldera lake as the α value increases.
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