Applying the theory of gas absorption in a slow, third order, irreversible reaction to the absorption of CO₂ in sugar solution containing lime, Equation (4) for the carbonating rate was derived.
The rate of degradation of reducing sugar by lime was found to be a function of temperatureand of alkalinity of the solution as tabulated in Table II. When these results were taken into Eq.(4), the rate of the decomposition of the reducing sugar in this process was expressed as by Eq.(16).
A pulse-wave method was applid to see longitudinal dispersion of liquor in a full-size, continuousflow, gas-bubbling tower, and the flow characteristics were found to represent nearly perfect mixing (Bodenstein Number was about 0.20 under the conditions chosen here).
The extent to which reducing sugar was degraded changed with longitudinal dispersion of liquor in a gas absorber. Illustrative calculations were as shown in Table IV for some extreme cases.

View full abstract

Experimental results were examined thermodynamically, taking into consideration the excess free energy of azeotropes both in binaries and ternaries.
In the pressure-temperature relation, the equation, ρ^0.112=αT^0.112+δwas considered to express azeotropic relation and constant α and δ were correlated well in linear relationship, asδ=-2.0309α+3.5471
On suitable assumptions, Gibbs-Duhem type relation χ₁dInγ₁+χ₂dInγ₂+…χ_ndInγ_n=0 was established. The contradiction observed in the linear relationships of excess quantity of G^E/N_m RT vs.1/T and In γ_m vs.1/T was thought to be solved thermodynamically by giving the activity coefficients of the following equation, Inγ_m=A_{m, n}exp.(B_m.nχ_m/χ_n) where the constant B_{m. n} represents the difinite value for each combination of Ewell's groups.
The methods for predicting azeotropic conditions from only one experimental point were demonstrated both in binaries and ternaries.

View full abstract

Turbulent flow in an ordinary circular settling tank reduces the efficiency of sedimentation. Therefore one can expect to improve the efficiency by preventing the occurrence of the turbulent flow.
In order to stabilize the flow in the circular settling tank, the author designed a special circular settling tank which was equipped with spiral walls and guide walls. Then the efficiency of sedimentation of the newly designed settling tank was compared with that of the ordinary circular settling tank.
The settling tank used for the experiment was 36cm in diameter. The experiments were made either in a batch or in a continuous manner, using spherical resin particles (density 1.06gr/cm³, diameter 0.1-0.5mm).

View full abstract