The magnetocrystalline anisotropy and its temperature dependence of ordered Au₄Mn has been measured by the torque method utilizing a single crystal. The magnetic easy direction was determined to be the tetragonal [001] axis.
The four-fold torque amplitude first increases and then decreases with increasing field strength. This behavior can be understood as an effect of a twin structured model of the ordered Au₄Mn, and the torque curves at various temperatures can be analyzed on the basis of this model. The uniaxial anisotropy energy at absolute zero has been determined to be 30×10⁵ erg/cc, and the temperature dependence has been found to be proportional to ⟨S²⟩, which indicates that the Mn spin of the Au₄Mn is of a localized state.

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Impurities in the zone-refined aluminum have been determined qualitatively and quantitatively mainly by using nondestructive activation analysis. Remarkable results are summarized as follows:
(1) The remaining impurities in the ZR–Al are Li, B, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sb, La, Ce, Sm, Dy, and Au. (2) The principal impurities contributed to the residual resistivity are Si and Sc. (3) Rare-earth elements of La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Tm, Yb and Lu in aluminum are the elements most effectively removed by the zone refining. (4) Sc in aluminum is not effective for the zone refining, and the distribution coefficient seems to be almost unity. (5) Hf, Ta and W in aluminum are transported to the top end by the zone refining, so their distribution coefficients are larger than unity. (6) Si and Mn diffuse into the aluminum rod from the outside during the zone refining in the present method. (7) The scraping of surface layer of the sample by sandpaper after irradiation is the most effective decontamination method for such a microanalysis as the present activation analysis.

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Silver was epitaxially deposited onto single crystal films of iron oriented with (001) parallel to their planes at various substrate temperatures between 100 and 700°C. Initial deposits of silver formed isolated three-dimensional nuclei at all temperatures investigated. The orientation relationship between the silver and iron was (001)-silver parallel to (001)-iron and [100]-silver parallel to [110]-iron. When the substrate temperature was relatively low (∼100°C), the silver deposits form a nearly continuous overlayer at an average thickness of about 150 A and the misfit between the silver and iron was accommodated partly by misfit dislocations arranged along the [110]-silver directions. At higher substrate temperatures, the orientation of the misfit dislocations became parallel to the [100]-silver directions. The Burgers vectors of the misfit dislocations were of the a/2[011]-silver type and inclined at 45° to the silver-iron interface. The nature of the interface dislocations changed from a mixed type to a pure edge type with increasing substrate temperature.

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Gold was epitaxially deposited onto single crystal films of iron oriented with (001) parallel to their surface at various substrate temperatures between 100 and 700°C. The orientation relationship between the gold and the iron was (001)-Au parallel to (001)-Fe and [100]-Au parallel to [110]-Fe. Interfacial dislocations were introduced to relieve the misfit strain at the interface and their separations and configurations changed sensitively with deposit thickness, substrate temperature and subsequent heat treatments. At a substrate temperature of 100°C the misfit dislocations were arranged along the ⟨110⟩-Au directions while they became parallel to the ⟨100⟩-Au directions above a substrate temperature of 500°C. The Burgers vectors of the misfit dislocations were the a/2[011]-Au type and inclined 45° to the interface. At the intermediate substrate temperatures spirals of interfacial dislocations were observed. The spacings and configurations of the interfacial dislocations are explained by the inter-diffusion of gold and iron and by the mechanisms of the generation of the interfacial dislocations.

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Structural changes occurring during ageing of a nickel-1.8 at% carbon alloy have been followed by transmission electron microscopy. Rod-shaped nickel carbide formed in the temperature range of 400–600°C. The crystallography of the nickel carbide has been analysed. Spherical graphite precipitated by ageing at temperatures above 450°C. Both precipitates were associated with immense tangles of dislocations around them resulting mainly from the large difference in the diffusivities of interstitial carbon atoms and vacancies in the nickel matrix.

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The experiments were conducted to find the effect of plug drawing on the wall-thickness scatter in copper tube. It has been found that if the axis of an ingoing tube is strictly aligned with that of the die bore, the original scatter is decreased by the sinking portion and still more by the uniform rate of wall thinning by the plug, resulting in improved concentricity.

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The ternary system Co–B(<35 at%)–Si(<35 at%) was studied by X-ray diffraction, optical and scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis of the annealed alloys.
The isothermal section at 1000°C, the vertical section at 15 at% B and the liquidus surface of the system were constructed.
The principal results were summarized as follows:
(1) No ternary compound appeared in the composition range investigated.
(2) The reactions at main three invariant points were; L(Co-16.5 at% B-5.5 at% Si, 1090°C)+Co₃B=α–Co+Co₂B, L(Co-13 at% B-12 at% Si, 1050°C)+α–Co=ε–Co+Co₂B, L(Co-12.5 at% B-13 at% Si, 1035°C)=ε–Co+Co₂B+Co₂Si.

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The continuous copper production process has attractive advantages, but there remain many fundamental problems to be studied especially for the slag phase. To elucidate the principles of the Noranda-type continuous process, the heterogeneous equilibrium relations between liquid copper, white metal and silica-saturated slag have been investigated at 1200 to 1300°C under controlled SO₂ pressure varying from 0.007 to 0.2 atm. Under such a condition, the equilibrium partial pressure of O₂ is approximately proportional to the SO₂ pressure and can be estimated thermodynamically. To confirm the establishment of the equilibrium state, a Cu–Ag alloy is used sometimes instead of pure copper, and the dissolved copper content in slag is directly proportional to the activity of copper. The dissolved copper content increases with increasing SO₂ or O₂ pressure, and is proportional to ρ_O^1⁄4. In the white metal and copper metal phases, an increase in SO₂ or O₂ pressure results in a decrease in iron content and an increase in oxygen content. The behaviors of various species in the respective phase are discussed thermodynamically using available data.

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