Japanese Journal of Ethnology

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover1-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Toc1-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_Toc1

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A Study on Ise Shrine

Hiroko YOSHINO

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 209-232
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_209

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The Ise Jingu, the centre of Shintoism, has been the most sacred place in Japan throughout her history since the Ancient Age. Because of its siginificant status one may well suppose that its every detail has been thoroughly studied, leaving nothing unaccounted for. As it is, however, there remains many puzzles about it, among which I have discussed the following two questions in this paper. The first question is concerned with the origin and nature of the Geku, or the External Shrine, which enshrines Toyuke (豊受) , the Goddess of Agriculture. The Ise Jingu comprises two distinctive shrines, the Geku and Naiku(Internal Shrine), the latter of which enshrines the Sun Goddess Amaterasu, the mythical founding ancestress of the royal family. Originally, only the shrine of Amaterasu appears to have existed. These two shrines are separated by the distance of about 5 kilometers. Then, when and why the Geku was founded and bacame called as such ? The second question is related to the first and about ritual procedures. In any ritual involving the two shrines, the first activity always takes place at the Geku, the shrine of inferior status, instead of at the Naiku as one might expect in view of the authoritative tendency of the Japanese who would generally prefer the superior to move first. So, why was this ritual order adopted ?

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The Making of Ohnamuchi's Myth

Sukeo HIROHATA

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 233-247
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_233

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In Japanese mythology, (1) Why was the Province of Izumo (出雲) especially chosen to be the stage of the mythology ?, (2) Why was the god Ohnamuchi regarded to have united Ashihara no Nakatsu Kuni (葦原中国)? and (3) Why did the god of the Founder of the Imperial Family promise to hold the grandest rite for the god Ohnamuchi who was the leader of the hostile power ? These are the questions about the foundation of Ohnamuchi's myth. But they have remained unraveled so far in the study of Japanese mythology, I should think. As a means to answer these questions, some scholars have been studying the divinity of Ohnamuchi. And one of the widely hold opinions is that Ohnamuchi was an ancient monarch or a hero in the Province of Izumo. Indeed Ohnamuchi in the mythology is described as a person who traveled to and fro with a bag on his shoulder, making love to some ladies and writing love-songs. But on the other hand there is the myth of hrs being worshiped as the god of Kizuki (杵築).As for the latter story, it seems to me that in those days when the mythology took form there was no such custom in Japan as to worship a monarch or a hero as a god. Consequently I see a contradiction in regarding Ohnamuchi as a monarch and worshiping him as a god. And this gives rise to doubt that this myth might not be based on the ideas native to Japan. Thus this contradiction about the rite for Ohnamuchi has led me to the following supposition.... The Grand Shrines of Ise (伊勢) dedicated to Amaterasu the Sun Goddess, might be modeled after the "Tsung miao" (宗廟) sacred to the Emperor of China, while the Izumo Taisha dedicated to Ohnamuchi might be an imitation of the "She-chi" (社稷) of China.

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An Outline of Linguistic and Anthropological Interests in the Concept of Distinctive Features

Norimitsu Tosu

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 248-261
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_248

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This paper is a survey and explication of linguistic and anthropological interests in the concept of distinctive features. The aim of this research is to see what kind of similarities, if any, there are between linguistic and anthropological ways of thinking that make them different, at least to some anthropologists, from history, sociology and some other social sciences. Although the concept of distinctive features has long been established in linguistics, it has not been used explicitly until very recently by anthropologists. But our contention is that we can trace the history of anthropological thoughts back to Morgan to find an incipient form of this concept. After a very brief survey of the history of the concept in both disciplines we come to the conclusion that both are not really "social sciences" in the usual sense of the term, because their purposes are not to account for what actually happens in particular societies, but to explicate what are the fundamental, supposedly universal, mental structures of human beings. In other words, what they are trying to account for is not social phenomena as such, but the underlying cognitive categories of man : the former is a mere realization of the latter. One corollary of this conclusion is that both linguists and anthropologists are never satisfied with statistical explanations, with probabilities ; what they are looking for is certainties and this, in turn, is deeply related with our dichotomous (either-or) way of thinking in everyday life. Indeed, just as we pecceive a sound of Japanese as either /p/ or /b/ even if it is somewhere in between, so we perceive important features of cultural phenomena discretely. In that sense, both anthropology and linguistics are "cultural ". Another corollary is that both disciplines are as rigorous as any other sciences are in that they are looking for and have succeeded to a certain extent in finding minimal elements which can be compared cross-culturally ; they have succeeded, at least partially, in overcoming relativism which has bothered researchers for so long.

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Sur Trois Objects Rituals a Kurokawa, un Petit Village an Nord du Japon

Takeo FUNABIKI

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 262-271
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_262

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Rodney NEEDHAM (ed.), Right and Left : Essays on Dual Symbolic Classification., Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press, 1973., 449pp., $19.50.

Teigo YOSHIDA

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 272-273
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_272

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YOSHIDA&GAMO(ed), Social Anthropology

Masayasu OGAWA

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 273-274
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_273

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Bibliography
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 275-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_275_1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Bibliography
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 275-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_275_2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 276-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_276

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages App1-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover2-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1974 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover3-
Published: December 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14890/minkennewseries.39.3_Cover3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

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