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Volume 43, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Shigeo KONDO, Hiroshi HASHIMTO1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChironomid larvae with special reference to Chironominae in an irrigation reservoir in the vicinity of Nagoya City were surveyed in 1979. Identified larvae were composed of four genera and seven species. Abundance of these larvae varied with the sediment type. Most of Chironomus (C.) plumosus, C. dissidents, C. samoensis and Polypedilum octoguttatum were obtained from muddy bottom, and Stictochironomus (S.) akizukii and Glyptotendipes glaucous were from sandy bottom.
Seasonal changes of dominant species in the reservoir were investigated. C. plumosus and S. akizukii showed a high larval density in summer and winter. C. dissidents showed the high density in winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
Junzo SUZUKI, Yukio YOKOYAMA, Shizuo SUZUKI1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 5-10
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study deals with an approach for characterizing organic pollutants in sediments of urban river. Organic matter content of the sediments in the downstream areas of the Tama and the Ara Rivers was 2-5 times as much as that of sediment upstream. The sedimentary organic matter was extracted successively with water, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and 1N-NaOH. The amounts of organic matter extracted with n-hexane or ethyl acetate from the downstream sediment in the Tama River were found to be remarkably higher than those from the upstream sediment. In the downstream areas of the Ara River, the amounts of n-hexane, water and 1N-NaOH extracts were higher than those in the upsetram ones. The n-hexane extract obtained from the sediment downstream in the Tama River was separated further into three fractions by silica gel and silica gel/alumina column chromatography. These sub-fractions were characterized by means of IR, NMR, GC, TLC, and elemental analysis. The analyses indicated that the organic compounds present in larger amounts downstream were aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine compounds and phthalate ester.View full abstractDownload PDF (948K) -
Yoko YAMAMOTO1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 11-16
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeasonal distribution patterns of algal-lysing agents were studied on the surface water and the Periphyton of the Tamagawa River about once a month from December 1979 to October 1980. The results are summarized as follows :
1) The population density of agents which cause lysis of blue-green algae increased during summer and decreased during winter. The average densities of agents in summer were 100-200 cells·ml-1 for the surface water and 104-105 cells·cm-2 for the periphyton, respectively. 2) The densities of agents which cause lysis of green algae increased periodically and were larger during the spring months than in the summer months. 3) The agents most commonly found in the surface water and the periphyton were amoeba, bacteria and fungi. Amoeba were more abundant in the periphyton than in the surface water.View full abstractDownload PDF (817K) -
Takuo NAKAJIMA1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 17-26
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of denitrifying bacteria and its controlling factors were investigated in freshwater environments. Denitrifying bacteria were counted by use of PY-Nitrate liquid medium and the most probable number method. The population (100-103 cells·ml-1) fluctuated more remarkably than that of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in eutrophic pond and lakes. The ratio of the number of denitrifying bacteria to that of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (D/Aeh) was between 0.0001 and 0.1 in those environments. In non-stratified eutrophic pond and lakes, the number of denitrifying bacteria tended to increase as the concentration of total nitrogen increased. In a stratified eutrophic lake, the D/Aeh ratio tended to increase as the concentration of dissolved oxygen decreased. Denitrifying bacteria in both water and attached substances in a polluted river tended to increase in number with the increase in BOD. The D/Aeh ratio in water and attached substances was higher than 0.01. Almost all denitrifying bacteria detected in the Himon-ya Pond, Lake Nakanuma and the River Tamagawa were gram-negative. Pseudomonas was the genus most frequently isolated from every type of water and attached substance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1299K) -
Haruo SUGITA, Hideo TANAAMI, Tsugio KOBASHI, Yoshiaki DEGUCHI1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 27-34
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBacterial flora of the water and sediment in the Edo River mouth, a highly polluted area, was bimonthly investigated from May 1980 to March 1981. Six different agar media were used aerobically and anaerobically. The anaerobic water mass, called “Aoshio”, was observed at the depth of 10 to 15 m from May to July.
In the water column, total viable counts ranged from 103 to 105 ml-1, and aerobic gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter, Moraxella, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium and Vibrio-Aeromonas, were vertically, horizontally and seasonally predominant. In spite of the anaerobic condition in bottom water, few anaerobes and many aerobes were isolated from the water in May and July.
In the sediment, total viable counts were 106 g-1, and aerobic gram-negative bacteria and sporeformers, Bacillus and Clostridium, were seasonally predominant.
The presence of aerobes in the anaerobic water layer and bottom sediment suggests their sedimentation from the upper layer.View full abstractDownload PDF (858K) -
Kokichi KAMIYAMA, Setsuo OKUDA, Mutsuo KOYAMA1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 35-38
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVertical distributions of 137Cs in the sediments of Lake Biwa, Lake Suigetsu and Lake Mikata were measured by the non-destructive gamma counting technique using a germanium-lithium detector. Possible sedimentation rates were estimated based upon the depth of 137Cs penetrating into the sediments.View full abstractDownload PDF (429K) -
Masahiro UCHIYAMA1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 39-43
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution of MBAS was investigated in Lake Oze. The results are summarized as follows.
1) There is much difference in the organic matter content and the particle size distribution between the bottom mud in Lake Oze and that in the influent rivers. This difference might be effective for the accumulation of MBAS in the bottom mud.
2) The concentration of MBAS in the bottom mud of Lake Oze is 14, 7-30.9 mg/l and the ratio of ABS to MBAS is 0.51-0.82. This means that the concentration of MBAS in the bottom mud of Lake Oze might be increased by the sewage from the lodges around the lake,
3) MBAS detected in the bottom muds of influent rivers was not alkylbenzenesulfonate.View full abstractDownload PDF (623K) -
Fumi TADA, Yukiko WADA, Shizuo SUZUKI1982 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 44-47
Published: January 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistributions of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in the bottom mud and Polygonum nodosum were studied in the Watarase River, which is polluted with refinery drainage. The mud samples collected from upstream near the pollution source and the downstream alluvial fan were highly polluted with metals These results seemed to show that the metal concentration of mud is related to the slope of the riverbed.
The amount of heavy metals in P. nodosum had a relationship with 0.1 M EDTA extractable metals in the mud. P. nodosum collected from upstream showed high metal contents. Judging from these results, it was suggested that the chemical form of metals in the mud may differ from upstream to downstream.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K)
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