巻号一覧
13 巻 (1977)
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13 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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岩井 善太, 川崎 義則1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 105-111
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the problem of observing the state of control systems with a small positive parameter, λ, the small perturbation which can change the order of the system itself. This control system is called the λ-variation system or the singular perturbation system. From the technological point of, view it is the most interesting problem among the problems of systems with parameter variations. The method for designing the adaptive observer that is presented here is considered not only for its order reduction to the λ-variation system, but also for its use for the non-linear system within the linearization.
The design method is applicable
1) to a non-linear system and also to cases in which the parameter λ of the system is small, although the real value is not known precisely.
2) to the (n+m)-th order real physical system by use of the n-th order observer. In this latter application we can reduce the order of the observer and can also simplify the construction of the observer considerably.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (870K) -
兼田 雅弘, 宍道 博1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 112-116
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with a design method for an adaptive scheme which would identify the parameters and observe the state of any unknown single-input single-output discrete time linear system using only input-output data.
Now, any traditional adaptive observer based on the stability theory guarantees the global asymptotic stability but does not guarantee a speedy parameter adjusting procedure.
In this paper, it is shown that the approach which uses the same canonical form for an adaptive observer as Lüders' one, can be reduced to the identification problem of the transformation matrix for an observer.
Then, it is shown that if any information with regard to the system parameters is not given, it is very difficult to determine adequately arbitrary parameters concerning the speed of the convergence in the Lüders' method.
This paper presents a clue to solve the optimal parameter adjusting procedure as the optimall control problem, letting the adjusting procedure correspond to the control problem of a linear system which has estimate error vectors as its state variables.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (282K) -
小林 敏弘1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 117-122
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe aim of this paper is to investigate the problem of initial state determination for discrete-time distributed parameter systems. The discrete-time distributed parameter systems are described by differential-difference or integral-difference equations. The problem of initial state determination for distributed parameter systems is not well-posed in general. That is, an initial state is not uniquely determined from measurement data. The problem of initial state determination is formulated as the problem of minimizing a functional (which measures the error between the observed output and model output) with respect to the unknown initial states. After the problem formulation, the approximation method by regularization is presented and analyzed. It gives uniquely an approximate initial state depending continuously on the measurement data. The convergence of approximate solutions is discussed under the assumption that the system is N output controllable with respect to initial states. The method is demonstrated by giving a simple example for the system with pointwise observation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (777K) -
南部 隆夫1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 123-129
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with controllability for the distributed-parameter systems described by linear partial differential equations of parabolic type in [0, ∞)×Ω, where Ω is a bounded domain in Rn. The purpose of this paper is to improve the result of Sakawa [10] who obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions for the controllability in L2(Ω); we consider the controllability in H1(Ω), the Sobolev space of order 1, and its subspaces. We consider both finite dimensional distributed control appearing in the differential equation and boundary control appearing in the boundary condition. In each control, the condition for the controllability is obtained. Especially, in the case of n=1, the result here is applied to the controllability in the sense of uniform convergence with respect to the space variable. Such conditions guarantee a more precise control input.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (364K) -
南出 成康, 渡辺 真吾1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 130-135
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーFor the evaluation of the characteristics of a continuous linear system is known correlation function technique which is based essentially upon the following simple relation:
φyz(τ)=∫T0g(s)φmz(τ-s)ds where g(s) is an impulse response, m(t) is an M-sequence input with a basic clock pulse interval Δ and a total pulse number N in a period T, y(t) is an output and φyz(τ) is a cross correlation function between the output y(t) and an appropriate function z(t).
In the conventional correlation method, z(t) is an M-sequence signal, while, in the persent paper, it is proposed that z(t) be z(t)=NΣk=1{m(t)+c}δ(t-kΔ+Δ/2) where δ(t) is the delta function and c is an appropriate constant.
For processing the output data to evaluate an estimate of the impulse response is derived a simple computational algorithm which, by proper choice of the constant c, is made to reduce to a minimum the effect of additive noises present at the M-sequence input and at the measured output. Furthermore, an analysis of error introduced by non-ideal input transducer is also developed.
The error estimate is given when the above algorithm is applied to a second order system. The experimental results through an analog computer simulation are in good agreement with the calculated estimate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (704K) -
馬場 順昭1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 136-141
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThis paper is concerned with algorithms for the on-line closed-loop computer control of a linear process. The control signals are determined so as to force the disturbed state to achieve the desired state as soon as possible. The control concepts are based on a timesuboptimal control for a linear discrete-time system. In the proposed algorithms neither long computation time nor excessive computer memory are required, but some computation time delay exists.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (872K) -
伊藤 輝生1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 142-147
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーNumerical solutions of nonlinear programming problems by the penalty function method are, in general, approximate solutions. An error in these solutions consists of two parts: one is the error between the approximate solution and the true extremal solution of the penalty function, and the other is the error between its true extremal solution and the true solution of the nonlinear programming problem. Urabe's theorem can give the error bound for the former error. In this paper, the error bound theorem for the latter error is given and a numerical technique and a numerical example are given.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (288K) -
得丸 英勝, 竹安 数博1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 148-153
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーA new method for estimating the power spectral density functions of stationary autoregressive-moving average processes is proposed. In this method, the psdf is obtained only from the estimated AR parameters and sample auto-correlations of the processes. MA parameters are not needed for the estimation of psdf. AR parameters are estimated so as to minimize the sum of squared residuals of Yule-Walker's equations. A new criterion for estimating the order of AR part of the process is introduced. It is shown that the estimate of psdf by this method is asymptotically unbiased. Numerical experiments show that this method gives us good estimates.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (732K) -
増田 好治, 一條 文二郎1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 154-159
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーMeasuring a small change of low impedance at high frequency is more valuable in industry than measuring an absolute impedance. This paper presents an electronic circuit that is capable of measuring a small change of low impedance of comparatively high loss materials as well as its absolute impedance at 3MHz. This circuit may find a wide range of applications in industrial operations or in agricultual and medical fields. The most important qualities required for this type of instrument are its sensitivity for loss and reactance, and stability during a continuous operation for long hours. The sensitivity and stability of this new circuit are satisfactory. Using this instrument as capacitance and loss meter, observed stability was within less than ±1μA (ΔC2=1.4×10-3pF) and ±0.5μA (ΔR2r/R2r=0.029%) respectively in terms of zero drift during a 10 hours continuous operation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (692K) -
古野 二三也1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 160-165
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe paper deals with dynamic characteristics of the fixed cross coils, moving magnet type indicator. As a meter of this type has several nonlinear elements, its dynamic characteristics can not be expressed by a simple linear differential equation.
In the author's analysis the transfer characteristics of individual elements are mathematically calculated, and some experimental data are given as supplement.
The damping ratio and natural frequency were adopted as parameters to evaluate the overall dynamic performance and calculated values are compared with the test data under various conditions.
The results are summarized as follows:
(1) The damping ratio ζ varies considerably with the input span. When the input span is changed from 10mV to 50mV, ζ decreases from 1.51 to 0.32.
(2) The damping ratio ζ also varies in accordance with the pointer position. For example, when the pointer position is changed from center to low or high extreme of scale, ζ decreases from 1.00 to 0.69.
(3) The natural frequency also depends on the pointer position. Typical figures are: 1.43Hz at center and 1.55Hz at extreme positions of scale.
(4) The effective damping ratio which governs the response to a large step input is close to the damping ratio at the final settling position of the pointer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (710K) -
松宮 恒夫, 高木 亀一1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 166-173
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーIn a linear induction motor with a plate-type conductor for its secondary circuit, the direction of the secondary current is not constant since the current flows in eddy. Consequently, there exists a non-active component of the current under stator cores which does not contributed to the thrust force. Accordingly, it is necessary to correct the stationary characteristics if they are estimated by a traditional method using the equivalent circuit and the circuit constant values.
In a previous paper, we derived a correction factor by calculating Mexwell's field equations to estimate the stationary characteristics more accurately. In this case, the secondary current components are divided into two-dimensions that is a core stack direction and a travelling field direction. However, the correction factor derived from the field equations, contains some error, because the primary current is treated as a current sheet and the influence of the pole pitch of primary winding on the stationary characteristics is ignored.
In the present paper, secondary current flow is measured in the plate-shaped conductor of the experimental model, and the correction values are estimated from the measured results.
The correction factors derived from experimental results and the values given by Maxwell's field equations coincide approximately, and the values derived from the experiments give evidence of the influence of the pole pitch on the stationary characteristics. With these results, we need to revise the correction factor derived from Maxwell's field equations in the earlier report.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (403K) -
清野 昭一, 大石 忠尚, 桜井 好正1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 174-179
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーA newly designed laser earth strainmeter has been installed in the observation vault of the Matsushiro Seismological Observatory in Nagano, and earth strains have been measured over several days. The record of the laser strainmeter was compared with the record of a quartz strainmeter of the Observatory. The laser strainmeter is a modified Michelson type corner-cube interferometer having a 25m long airtight pipe and a high resolution analogue system for recording displacement of the interference fringe.
The errors caused by a wavelength variation, by an analogue recording of the fringe displacement, by a fluctuation of the refractive index of the air and by other effects are estimated. As a result of the estimations, the accuracy of this instrument is confirmed to be about 2×10-9.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2117K) -
和田 力, 清水 顕, 則次 俊郎1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 180-187
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe first fluidic binary counter was invented by R.W. Warren. This Warren's counter can be constructed very simply by two flip-flop elements. Its mechanism has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Therefore the characteristics required for the control part (FFc) and the memory part (FFm), which are most important for its design, have not been known.
In this paper, from the viewpoint of designing an acceptable Warren's counter by choosing the suitable geometries of elements, some investigations are carried out.
The obtained results can be summarized as follows:
1) The flow in FFc without the input signal must be a branched flow or a reattached flow to the same side as that of FFm. Further, the input signal must be a reattached flow in FFc, and it must be sufficient to switch FFm and keep the initial reattachment even after the switching of FFm.
2) The characteristics of elements which satisfy the above conditions are clarified. Finally, it is shown that an acceptable Warren's counter can be designed by referring to these results to select suitable geometries for the counter's two elements.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1533K) -
安部 二郎, 畑中 浩1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 188-193
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーIn order to investigate the behaviour of dynamic switching, the flow is visualized with the smoke generated by soaking dry ice in hot water at about 50°C. As a cover plate, a glass plate with 3mm thickness dipped in 3% soapsuds is used to avoid the condensation of waterdrop.
Small scale models (80×60×10) are employed and a single pulse with small overshoot is used as the input signal.
A high speed cine camera (2000 frames/sec) is used to photograph the switching behaviours by using the smoke as the main jet. The relation between the switching caused by pressure and that by flow is investigated.
The obtained results can be summarized as follows.
1) The estimated control flow in the dynamic switching is less than that in the static switching. Therefore, it can be thought that the switching depends only on the strength of the control pressure pulse. The pulse width does not affect the switching.
2) The attachment point does not necessarily move downward until the detachment of the main jet occurs. And the new attachment point does not increase in proportion to time.
3) The output pressure reaches its maximum value long before the switching of flow finishes.
4) The transient switching may be divided into five phases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2797K) -
坂和 愛幸, 上田 至克1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 194-199
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, a dynamic model which describes the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution is presented. The optimal investment policy which minimizes the pollution level and at the same time maximizes the consumption level is discussed on the basis of the model. Some numerical results are also shown.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (719K) -
清水 光, 久保 和夫, 有本 卓1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 200-206
発行日: 1977/04/30
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThis paper is concerned with the hydrologic cycle, from rainfall to evaporation, in the basin of Lake Biwa. The four-stage tank model is used for describing the runoff in the basin. The variables of water storage level in the model play an important role for calculating the amount of runoff and evapotranspiration. From the system-theoretic viewpoint, the fourstage tank model can be regarded as a piecewise linear dynamical system with four dimensions and the water storage levels as state-variables. In addition, the water balance equation can be regarded as an observation process in the dynamical system. Thus it is possible to describe the hydrologic cycle by the discrete-time dynamical system.
The principal idea of this paper is to apply the system-theoretic method of data-smoothing to the system described above and to estimate the daily variations of water storage levels. Based on their estimated values, it is possible to evaluate the amount in each stage of the cycle such as rainfall, evapotranspiration, and observation noise. Finally, it is concluded that the system-theoretic method applied to the water balance model discloses internal states of the hydrologic cycle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (368K) -
1977 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 208
発行日: 1977年
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (88K)
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