The morphological characteristics oftwo unknown marine species of the genus Diphyllobothrium were recorded. A cestode spontaneously expelled from a 27-year-old seaman resembled D. cameroni Rausch, 1969 from a Japanese seaman by Kamo et al. (1981) in the external morphology, but was different in the relative position of the uterine pore. It was related to D. hians (Diesing, 1850) in the position and shape of the cirrus sac, and in the relative position of the cirrus sac to the seminal vesicle, but was different in the shape and size of the scolex. Another cestode expelled after treatment with kamala from a 50-year-old seaman resembled D. hians in the shape of proglottids, the development of inner longitudinal muscle layer, the position of genital atrium, the uterine loops, and egg-sizes. This was rather related to D. elegans (Krabbe, 1865) in the shape and position of the cirrus sac and the relative position of the cirrus sac to the seminal vesicle, and was different from D. hians in these characteristics. The definite identification should be established in the future on the basis of more detailed materials and methods.

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Twenty-one cases of ovale malaria were seen among 25 patients of benign tertian malaria contracted during visits to African countries, south of the Sahara. This reflects an increase in the number of Japanese visiting this area as P. ovale is, with a few exceptions, endemic only in tropical African countries. Nigeria, Malawi and Guinea were the most frequent countries of infection with 6, 4 and 3 cases, respectively.
One patient each with vivax malaria was infected in Malawi, Guinea and Mali; one case was infected in the island country of Madagascar in East Africa.
Because both P. ovale and P. vivax exist in tropical African countries, we stress the importance of careful examination of blood smears when diagnosing malaria.

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