A comparative study of Escherichia coli strains isolated in Bangladesh and Japan was carried out. The frequency of intestinally pathogenic E. coli strains was 3 times higher in those from Bangladesh than from Japan. Drug sensitivity pattern showed no significant differences between isolates from the two countries, although those from Bangladesh were more resistant to ampicillin than those from Japan. The relationship between the appearance of drug resistant strains and antibiotic use was discussed.

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A total of nine taxa of Simuliidae, including six new species, were collected from northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. All belong to the genus Simulium Latreille, and are assigned to the subgenera Nevermannia Enderlein {S. (N.) aureohirtum Brunetti and another unnamed species}, Morops Enderlein (1 new species), Gomphostilbia Enderlein (3 new species and another unnamed species) and Simulium Latreille s. str. (2 new species). Descriptions of all the new species are provided, with keys for their separation. Notes on their taxonomic relationships and the ecology of the immature stages are given.

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The expression of autogeny in Simulium ruficorne and S. nigritarse, both belonging to the ruficorne species group, from Plateau State in Nigeria was examined by maintaining the newly emerged females with a 30% sucrose solution for five days. The result showed no evidence of autogeny. The interspecific difference in the reproductive strategies was briefly discussed in comparison with the autogenous species belonging to the same species group.

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