Moss remains from a canal deposit in the Chengtoushan archaeological site (ca. 5,600 cal yr BP) at Hunan, China, are identified as Thuidium subglaucinum Cardot on the basis 3-6 papillae of median laminal cells of leaves, numerous stem paraphyllia, and a central strand in the stem. This is the first time that this species is recognized in fossil record. The past habitat of T. subglaucinum in the Chengtoushan site is reconstructed from the condition of the sample layer, other plant remains, and present habitat. It is considered that T. subglaucinum grew in wet habitats around the canal in a cultivated rice field. The past climate of the Chengtoushan site is estimated to be temperate to subtropical. This result agrees with the past climate reconstructions from pollen analysis.

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A new species, Trismegistia maliauensis H. Akiyama & M. Suleiman is described on the basis of specimens collected at the foot of Maliau Basin, northern part of Borneo (Malaysia, Sabah). It differs from the congener so far reported from Borneo in the green to blackish brown color of plants, sparsely branching and roundly foliated ascending shoots, widely lanceolate, sometimes ovate, stem- and branch-leaves with obtuse apex, and the unique habitat preference to rheophytic zones at riverbeds in lower montane forests.

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