The present experiment aimed to know the effects of skin pressure by the cuff for the measurement of blood pressure on endurance and reaction time in 10 female young adults. Exercise by hand ergometer until the occurrence of volitional exhaustion and reaction time to the acoustic stimuli were compared between two kinds of conditions with and without skin pressure by the cuff in a bioclimatic chamber controlled at an ambient temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 60%. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Number of contractions by handgrip exercise was significantly smaller with skin pressure by the cuff than otherwise. 2) Time between the acoustic stimuli and the beginning of button press and of jumping called reaction time, was significantly longer with skin pressure by the cuff than otherwise. The former and the latter results could be probably interpreted in terms of the decrease of maximal oxygen uptake and the slow down of the speed of information processing in the central nervous system under the influence of skin pressure by the cuff, respectively.

  From the viewpoints of temperature preservation, the existence of the air layer between various clothes (and the body surface) is considered to be an important element.

  However, no reports have ever been made on the actual objective measurement of such air layer.

  Measurement of air layer in the case of elementary schoolgirl's clothes was administered and hence this present report is made. Various clothes for different seasons were applied to a mannequin of standard characteristics for an upper grade elementary schoolgirl.

  In measurement, a reading microscope was used to read the points that were indicated by laser type line-marker instrument. The dimensional characterisitics of five typical planes of various sections of the mannequin were thus obtained, from which the sizes of air layer between clothes were calculated.

  The results may be summerized as follows :

  1) The sizes of the air layer between clothes (and the body surface) were, 5mm or less for underwear, 15~25mm for middle and outer wears, and 30~50mm for overcoats.

  2) The sizes of the air layer between clothes (and the body surface) for elementary schoolgirl's clothes, when compared with those for adults, were generally in similar measurement results.

  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of wearing underclothes on thermophysiological responses and clothing comfort under exercise. Experiments were conducted in a climatic chamber under the condition of 22.0℃, 65.0%RH, 0.1m/sec of air movement, using nylon slip (S), nylon camisole (C), nylon camisole and flared panty (C+F), and cotton undershirt (U) as underclothes. Skin temperatures, body weight loss, microclimate between clothes and skin, temperature and humidity outside clothing, and subjective sensations were measured with 3 healty female students throughout the experimental course.

  Skin temperatures were higher at belly in wearing U or C+F, and at thigh in wearing S after exercise. On the other hand, lower mean skin temperatures were measured without underclothes. Higher temperatures and humidities of microclimate were significantly measured at chest and back in wearing U or S, and furthermore at thigh in wearing S. These findings seems to closely relate to sense of wetness.

  The effect on sports ability of taping ankles and knees was measured using noral, uninjured subjects under four conditions as follows : (1) non-taping, (2) taping the ankle, (3) taping the knee, and (4) taping both ankle and knee. The measured abilities consistes of agility, starting power, balance, and reaction time. Each ability, was tested for each of the four conditions.

  Agility was measured by the burpee test and by sidestep repetition, while starting power was measured by the high jump. Balance was measured by having subjects stand on one leg with their eyes closed, and, reaction time by finding subjects' electromyogram response time while they stood tiptoe.

  The following results were obtained. When subjects exercised with both the ankle and knee taped, agility and balance were adversely affected, but with only the ankle or the knee taped, only balance was affected.

  Therefore, for prevention of injuries, taping on either ankle or knee, but not both, can be undertaken without fear of restricting play in exercise which does not require great powers of balance.

  In order to make the characteristics of crape clear, at first the hearing investigations related to the characteristics of crape at wholesale drapers and Kimono speciality stores, which deal in crape, in Tokushima city were carried out. And next stage, some basic mechanical properties, the luster and the wet-shrinkage were measured, and the detailed imports on the hearing investigation were tried to throw light on the characteristics of crape mechanically.

  As the results, the characteristics of crape were summerized as follows.

  ① Strong and substantial durable, ② Soft and flexible, ③ Kimono made of crape is secure and gives warmness to wearer, ④ Craping gives Kimono agreeable and soft touch, ⑤ Crape is not easy to become creased, and it is useful for the ceremonial dress and the visiting dress, ⑥ At the parts such as hips and knees on Kimono, where workes the elongation force, the deforms of crape Kimono in parallel to warp direction of cloths are large and crease easily but they fade away by and by, ⑦ The crape Kimonos shrink largely when they suck up water, and in a rainy day it's better not to wear them, ⑧ The density of fibers of crape is large, and the dyed color of crape is deep and fine, ⑨ The luster of crapes is sober and restful.