Eighty-two patients (122 joints) with the temporomandibular joint arthrosis were evaluated by high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (1.5 tesla) with bilateral surface coils.
A spin echo pulse sequence (TR: 635 or 450msec, TE: 30msec) was used with two excitations, 256×192 matrix and 13cm field of view. Imaging was performed in seven contiguous 3mm thick sagittal planes followed by five contiguous coronal planes obtained in the same way.
Results:
1) Sixteen joints (14%) had normal superior disk position, 47 joints (40%) showed anterior disk displacement with reduction (completely anterior position: 39 joints, partially anterior position: 8 joints) and 55 joints (46%) showed anterior disk displacement without reduction (completely anterior position: 54 joints, partially anterior position: 1 joint). Partially anterior disk position was almost observed on the lateral side of the joint. In 4 joints, MR images were not diagnostic at the closed mouth position.
2) In joints with anterior disk displacement without reduction, disk deformities were seen frequently. On the other hand, the deformities were rarely seen in joints with normal disk position.
3) Coronal and sagittal images showed sideways and rotational disk displacement in 3 joints (2%) and 32 joints (26%) respectively.
4) Large perforation of the posterior attachment of the disk and extensive adhesion of the superior joint compartment could be detected on MR image.
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