Background and Purpose: MRI is frequently used in the region of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), particularly to examine disc position and configuration, posterior disc attachment and mandibular marrow status, and to assess the presence of joint effusion. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) make use of the Brownian motion of water protons in biological tissue. This movement mirrors the tissue unique diffusion capacity and can be used to characterize the organization. The purpose of our present study was to investigate correlation between the mean of apparent diffusion coefficient values (ADC value) in the masticatory muscle and joint effusion.
Materials and Methods: We designed and implemented a retrospective cohort study, which was approved by our university ethics committee (EC15-12-009-1). The study group comprised 51 patients (14 men, 37 women; 21-81 years of age, mean age 50.12 years) with a total of 112 TMJs (54 TMJs with joint effusion, 48 TMJs without joint effusion)who were examined by MRI. This group were divided into two groups: with joint effusion groups and without joint effusion groups. Furthermore, between each group of ADC values in the masticatory muscle differences were analyzed. Furthermore, calculated correlation using age as the criterion variable and ADC value of the masticatory muscle as explanatory variables.
Results: The mean ADC values of lateral pterygoid muscle were 1.23±0.14×10
-3mm
2/s and 1.02±0.11×10
-3mm
2/s, corresponding to with joint effusion group and without joint effusion group, respectively (
P<0.01). The mean ADC values of medial pterygoid muscle were 1.08±0.16×10
-3mm
2/s and 0.97±0.10×10
-3mm
2/s, corresponding to with joint effusion group and without joint effusion group, respectively (
P<0.05). The mean ADC values of masseter muscles were 1.09±0.12×10
-3mm
2/s and 1.00±0.11×10
-3mm
2/s, corresponding to with joint effusion group and without joint effusion group, respectively (
P<0.05). There was not significant correlation between age and ADC values (
P>0.05).
Conclusion: ADC values of the with joint effusion side were significantly higher than without joint effusion side. Our study found that change of ADC values in the masticatory muscle by joint effusion in the temporomandibular joint.
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