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中村 祐一, 奥谷 聡, 木村 宗弘, 赤羽 正志
原稿種別: 本文
p.
98-99
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Electro-optical properties of In-Plane Switching mode were investigated by using ellipsometry. To analyze the response of LC director in the bulk, we used the transmission ellipsometry. In order to analyze the director motion at LC-alignment film interface, we used the total reflection ellipsometry. It was found that; when the applied electric field was increased, the change of the phase difference Δ and the angle of amplitude ratio Ψ was increased, and the change of Δ and Ψ did not exhibit a monotonic behavior.
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小林 伸一, 山口 留美子, 佐藤 進
原稿種別: 本文
p.
100-101
発行日: 1999/09/28
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An optical writing is demonstrated in homogeneous Liquid crystal (LC) cells using poly (vinyl cinnamate) (PVCi) and rubbed PVA films. The PVCi substrate side of the LC cell is irradiated by the linearly polarized UV light with and without the applied voltage. The change of azimuthal direction of LC alignment is observed when the voltage is applied or not. Moreover, it is clarified that the pretilt angle is generated by the UV irradiation under the applied voltage. These results show that it is possible to control the LC alignment in the azimuthal and polar direction after the LC cells was fabricated.
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森武 洋, 清家 忠昭, 戸田 耕司
原稿種別: 本文
p.
102-103
発行日: 1999/09/28
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An elastic wave with a glass plate as a propagation medium is investigated in relations to acoustic effects of nematic liquid crystals. The elastic wave propagating in the glass plate interacts with the liquid crystal in a wide frequency range. Two types of periodical domain structures are observed in homogeneous aligned cell of nematic liquid crystal under existence of the elastic wave. One of the periodical domain structures depends on the carrier frequency of the elastic wave. The other type of periodical domain structures is influenced by the layer thickness and kind of the liquid crystal compound. The diffraction is observed by the periodical domain structure. This diffraction is controllable for voltage application of the liquid crystal.
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高橋 由美子, 飯田 厚夫, 高西 陽一, 竹添 秀男
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p.
104-105
発行日: 1999/09/28
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The dynamic response of the smectic layer structure upon applying an electric field was measured with ms time resolution by means of micro/macro x-ray diffraction system using synchrotron radiation. From the time resolved macro-beam measurement, the reversible transition from the simple bookshelf (at high voltage) to the horizontal chevron (at low voltage) was observed. However, the x-ray microbeam diffraction revealed that the horizontal chevron structure is always realized at both high and low voltage and that the detailed horizontal chevron structure depends on the stripe position.
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芝原 靖司, 高西 陽一, 石川 謙, 竹添 秀男, 山本 潤, 田中 肇
原稿種別: 本文
p.
106-107
発行日: 1999/09/28
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The layer compression modulus was observed near the smectic-A-smectic-C^* phase transition in a chiral smectic liquid crystal. The layer compression modulus B shows clear pretransitional effects above the phase transition. These effects suggest that the transition can not be described by the model of the Landau mean-field type.
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池田 真也, 小笠原 豊和, 高西 陽一, 石川 謙, 竹添 秀男
原稿種別: 本文
p.
108-109
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Thresholdless, hysteresis-free, V-shaped switching exhibits attractive characteristics for active matrix display devices. Since the V-shaped switching behavior depends on the surface condition, it is important to clarify the molecular orientation in the vicinity of the surface. We have investigated molecular orientation near the alignment layer using an attenuated total internal reflection (ATIR) techrdque. It was found that molecules near the surface switch to a ferroelectric state at the same electric field as molecules in a bulk do. We will also discuss about the molecular orientation in the intermediate state.
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青木 孝之, 朝 克, 福田 敦夫, 高西 陽一, 石川 謙, 竹添 秀男, H. T. Nguyen
原稿種別: 本文
p.
110-111
発行日: 1999年
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Between Sm-C
A* and Sm-C
*, there exist a variety of subphases which form the devil's staircase. The phase sequences were identified as I
* - I_A
* - C_A
* - spr3 - C
γ* - spr2 -AF - spr1 - C
* - C
α* - A by electro-optical methods. Recently, the three-layer periodicity and the four-layer periodicity were confirmed in the subphases of 10OTBBB1M7 by resonant X-ray scattering [Mach et al., PRL, 81 (1998) 1015]. Both were reported to be identified as ferrielectric. But the above phase sequence determined by electro-optical methods together with the molecular arrangements based on the Ising model [Yamashita et al., Ferroelectrics, 148 (1993) 1] clearly indicates that the four-layer periodic subphase should be antiferroelectric. We have actually confirmed its antiferroetectricity by observing the electric-field dependence of conoscopic figures.
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大植 利泰, 中野 和行, 尾崎 雅則, 吉野 勝美, 宇戸 禎仁
原稿種別: 本文
p.
112-113
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Electric field-induced vibration of a freely suspended film (F.S.F) of smectic liquid crystal has been studied as a function of temperature, applied field and film thickness. By the application of sinusoidal electric field parallel to the film, not only a fundamental but also higher harmonics of the vibration has been observed. The fundamental and second harmonics components of the vibration strength has been proportional to the electric field and to the square of electric field, respectively. From temperature dependence, fundamental part of vibration increases steeply around the phase transition temperature from SmA to SmC^* phase. On the other hands, the second harmonic part shows the maximum strength just below the phase transition temperature. When FSF was in SmA phase, the optical response was smaller for the thick film, and the film vibration was smaller for the thin film in SmC^* phase.
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上原 宏行, 幡野 純, 岡部 英二, 斎藤 伸一, 斎藤 秀雄
原稿種別: 本文
p.
114-115
発行日: 1999/09/28
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We investigated the doping effect of non-liquid crystal on the phase sequence of R-MHPOBC. The phase sequence is drastically changed by doped 4-dimethylamino-4'-nitrostilbene (DANS). At 5wt% of DANS, the phase sequence is as follows: SmC_A^*-SmC_α^*-SmA-Iso. Transition temperatures except for that of SmA-Iso. transition decrease with increasing the concentration of DANS. On the other hand, the phase sequence is independent of the concentration of benzoic acid up to 10Wt%. The difference between them suggests that the inserted positions of doped molecules differ in these two cases (DANS, benzoic acid).
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清家 幸治, 山田 将寛, 轟原 正義, 内藤 裕義
原稿種別: 本文
p.
116-117
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Geometrically beautiful shapes of smectic-A phase in an isotropic phase have been observed in binary mixtures of octyloxycyanobiphenyl with dodecyl alcohol. The shapes and director distributions of smectic-A domains are determined by simulating polarizing-microscope images; a comparison between experimental and simulated images allows us to determine the structures of smectic-A domains. The shapes and director distributions of several smectic-A domains found experimentally are determined by means of this method.
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菊池 光貴, 門前 和博, 平岡 一幸, 植松 淑子, 伊達 宗宏
原稿種別: 本文
p.
118-119
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Since poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate)(PBLG) in helix conformation has a large permanent dipole moment along the helical axis, the response to dc or low frequency ac field is dominated by backbone contribution, while under medium frequency ac field, the backbone contribution vanishes and the contribution of polar gropes in side chain remains. In the present work, the dielectric deformation for PBLG solution (Mw:64000, 0.18V/V in 1,1,2-trichloroethane) was studied with ac electric field (10〜1kHz; 200〜720V_<p-p>/cm) applied. With the starting homeotropic boundary condition, the breakdown of macroscopic homogeneity leads to develop periodic bands parallel to the field direction with applying the field in plane. The dependencies of band spacing and the alignment direction of director on the field strength and frequency were qualitatively investigated.
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井上 香織, 竹内 浩, 小中 重弘
原稿種別: 本文
p.
120-121
発行日: 1999/09/28
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^1H-NMR spectra of azobenzene (Ph-N=N-Ph) and tolan (Ph-C≡C-Ph) dissolved in a nematic solvent ZLI 1132 were measured to investigate their molecular structures and orientational behavior. The resulting molecular structures agree with those obtained in the gas phase. The interaction parameters of azobenzene are close to those of tolan, indicating no significant differences between the order parameters of azobenzene and tolan. It is known that the contributions of the Ph-N=N-Ph and Ph-C≡C-Ph to the transition temperature T_<NI> of mesogen R-Ph-X-Ph-R' are similar to each other. This is consistent with the result obtained for the orientational behavior of Ph-N=N-Ph and Ph-C≡C-Ph.
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楊 小暾, 阿部 一貴, 矢野 紳一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
122-123
発行日: 1999/09/28
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This paper reports an existence of Smb liquid crystal (LC) glass in some of benzyl fluoroalkyl (BFE)compounds which have layered LC phase such as SmB, SmE and SmA. The physical properties of SmB glass were investigated by use of DSC and dielectric spectroscopy.
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御園 康仁, 祢宜田 啓史
原稿種別: 本文
p.
124-125
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Rheological properties and effects of an electric field on the rheology, electrorheological= ER effects, are measured near the smectic A (SmA) - nemafic (Ne) phase transition point (T_<AN>) of 8CB (4-n-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl) and 8OCB (4-n-octyloxy-4'-cyanobiphenyl). With increase in temperature, the viscosity of the SmA phase decreases largely, followed by a change of the slope at T_<AN>. In the vicinity of T_<AN>, the application of the electric field induces an increase of the viscosity; with increasing the electric field strength the shear stress increases at low field and has a maximum, which is followed by a decrease to a constant value at higher fields. These properties are discussed on the basis of the field-induced orientational changes of the smectic layer and the director.
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谷 雄一郎, 林 正直, 中田 秀俊, 矢田 真, 松本 茂, 藤沢 宣, 相沢 政男
原稿種別: 本文
p.
126-127
発行日: 1999/09/28
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We have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of model interfaces, polymethylacrylate (PMA)/5CB and poly (n-laurylacrylate) (PLA)/5CB. The system consists of amorphous polyacrylate film (one chain, about 7500 atoms) and random phase of 5CB (540 molecules, 10260 atoms). We have observed orientation behavior in both system during MD run of 6nsec, but not in the system of liquid crystal molecules only, therfore the existence of polyacrylate has some influence on the behavior. We obtained the same tendency as experimental results, in which liquid crystal molecules lie parallel to interface in PMA/5CB whereas give a tilt angle of about 30° in PLA/5CB. We have calculated the distribution of orientational order parameter along the axis perpendicular to the interface. This study was carried out as ASET project supported by NEDO.
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藤上 真
原稿種別: 本文
p.
128-129
発行日: 1999/09/28
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The molecular dynamics simulations have been performed in order to calculate the pretilt angle in [Polymer/liquid crystal] interfaces. In the model, poly[X]methacryrate is used as Polymers. [X] stands for an alkyl chain, and its length is changed. We get the result that a polymer which has longer alkyl chains shows a bigger pretilt angle. But a problem becomes clear about 3D periodic boundary conditions
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服部 広和, 奥谷 聡, 木村 宗広, 赤羽 正志, 田所 利康, 鳥海 弥和
原稿種別: 本文
p.
130-131
発行日: 1999/09/28
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The properties of the Surface Stabilized Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Devices (SSFLCD) were characterized empirically by the optical polarization states measured by transmition and/or total reflection ellipsometry. Under a certain triangular wave electric field, the frequency dependence of the hysteresis curves of amplitude ratio (Ψ) were observed. Numerical calculation based on a continuum theory for SSFLCD and 4 × 4 matrix method were also performed. It is also found that the parameters such as cell gap, pretilt angle, elastic constant and spontaneous polarization affect on the hysteresis properties.
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日下部 健一, 栗原 和枝
原稿種別: 本文
p.
132-133
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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It is very important to know the orientation mechanism of liquid crystal molecules on solid surfaces. The orientation of thin liquid crystal films confined between two solid surfaces becomes more pronounced than that of bulk liquid crystals. Therefore liquid crystals show different properties in the nanospace from those in the bulk. Their orientation is affected by interactions between solid surfaces and liquid crystals and/or between liquid crystals, but the details are not known. To investigate properties of thin liquid crystal films in confined dimensions, we developed the novel system simultaneously determines the shear and surface force as a function of the surface separation. The resonance method was used for the shear measurement. By using this method, we studied the behaviors of liquid crystals (6CB) oriented parallel or perpendicular to substrate surfaces.
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中山 敬三, 下田 雄紀, 尾崎 雅則, 吉野 勝美
原稿種別: 本文
p.
134-135
発行日: 1999/09/28
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We have studied the optical properties of the (liquid crystal/synthetic opal) composite system. The transmission and reflection spectra of opals, whose nanoscale voids were infiltrated with a liquid crystal, were measured. A non-infiltrated opal or a normal opal exhibits the stop band and the reflection peak in the transmission and reflection spectra, respectively. The wavelengths of the stop band and the reflection peak shift by the infiltration with a liquid crystal due to the higher refractive index than that of air. Moreover, the stop band and diffraction peak are shifted by the change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal infiltrated into the opal.
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高西 陽一, 小笠原 豊和, 石川 謙, 竹添 秀男, 高橋 由美子, 飯田 厚夫
原稿種別: 本文
p.
136-137
発行日: 1999/09/28
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When the molecular orientation of a V-shaped switching is discussed and simulated based on experimental results such as SHG and polarized FT-IR, it is important to obtain the information about the layer structure. Layer structure in a homogeneous cell of the chiral smectic phase showing V-shapd switching was investigated in X-ray diffraction measurements. in a less than 2μm-thick homogeneous cell, the three component mixture in which V-shaped switching was first observed, initial structure before applying an electric field forms chevron with the leaning angle of Ca. 20 deg at 50℃. When we applied AC or DC field, chevron layer structure was kept although chevron angle slightly decreases to Ca. 18deg. The preliminary results of the timeresolved X-ray measurement using sychrotron radiation will be also discussed.
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芝原 靖司, 高西 陽一, 石川 謙, 竹添 秀男
原稿種別: 本文
p.
138-139
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Ellipsometric studies have been conducted on freely-suspended films of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal mixture showing V-shaped switching. We observed discontinuous changes of the ellipsometric quantity Δ (phase difference between s- and p- components of transmitted light) at 46 ℃ indicating a phase transition from smectic-C^* to the ferrielectric phase, although, this transition is continuous in conoscopic figure results. Also, we discussed the details of Δ as a function of applied electric field in each phase.
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荒岡 史人, 木下 嘉将, 石川 謙, 竹添 秀男, Jirakorn Thisayukta, 渡辺 順次
原稿種別: 本文
p.
140-141
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Several liquid crystalline phases of the achiral bent-shaped molecules have been investigated by optical second harmonic generation (SHG). A difference in the SHG activities between compounds with alkyl and alkoxy end chains have been already pointed out. Whereas, it has been reported that the texture and domain size were affected by cooling rate. We observed the cooling rate dependant SHG behavior in the thermodynamic phases of several bent-shaped molecules, and discussed the cooling and the end chain effects.
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竹内 正和, 朝 克, 松本 隆宏, 福田 敦夫, 高西 陽一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
142-143
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Liquid crystal materials that exhibit apparently a single ferrielectric phase in a wide temperature range are reported to show the V-shaped switching. To clarify the phase structure, we have studied one of such LC compounds and found that the helicoidal pich changes continuously in a wide temperature range (more than 100℃), that the dielectric constant is as large as that of ferroelectric phase, and that the melatopes of the conoscopic figure scarcely split by applying an electric field. These results indicate almost continuous emergency of a variety of commensurate and/or incommensurate phase structures near the sprl region in the ANNNI model proposed by Yamashita. More details of the structure can be clarified by resonant X-ray scattering, since the constituent molecule contains a Cl atom.
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瀬川 賢司, 林 仁志, 宮崎 利邦, 山下 護
原稿種別: 本文
p.
144-145
発行日: 1999/09/28
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To develop a low switching voltage desirable for liquid crystal displays, the switching voltage is measured for several materials, together with constant temperature-pressure molecular dynamics simulation (MD simulation) to study the layer structure and the stability. By comparing these results such tendency comes out that as the switching voltage is higher, the difference of the internal energy at the ferroelectric state to that at the antiferroelectric one is larger.
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堀 克久, 上原 宏行, 幡野 純, 岡部 英二, 斎藤 伸一, 斎藤 秀雄
原稿種別: 本文
p.
146-147
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Twisting power in subphases of antiferroelectric liquid crystals, CS4001 and MHPOPB-MHPOBC mixing system, was investigated by circular dichroism and optical rotatory power experiments. Helical structures in the subphases were discussed in terms of the twist, ing power of SmC_γ^* and SmC_A^l*.
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奥本 恵隆, 木村 宗弘, 赤羽 正志, 松橋 信明
原稿種別: 本文
p.
148-149
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Free-Standing film and its layer structure consist of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal were studied in terms of the optical analysis. The phase difference Δ of a Free-Standing film was measured by the transmission ellipsometry. In order to characterize the layer structure, the theoretical analysis was performed by 4 × 4 matrix method. As the result, It was found that; the layer structure near the surface of the film is different from that in the bulk. Within the temperature range of SmA^* phase, the director near the surface seems to be tilted. The layer structure of SmC^*_Aseems to be different between odd and even number of layers. Because of the residual polarization the director exhibits an unusual tilting behavior in case of the even number layers film.
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山登 正文, 清野 英子, 木村 恒久, 伊藤 栄子
原稿種別: 本文
p.
150-151
発行日: 1999/09/28
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The structure of uniaxially drawn poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was investigated in view of the similarity to the structure of a liquid crystalline copolyester (Rodrun, LC-3000). Solid state CP/MAS NMR spectra for the drawn PET and LC-3000 were close to each other, but were far different from the line shape for the amorphous, non-oriented PET sample. Difference of dielectric loss (ε"), obtained by subtraction of the ε" of the non-oriented PET from that of the drawn PET, exhibited a dispersion peak centered at a higher frequency. The location of this peak is close to the peak position observed for LC-3000. This indicates a similarity in molecular motion of alkyl groups of these two polymeric materials. The formation process of the ordered region during uniaxial drawing could be described as (1) orientation without forming the ordered region, (2) the formation of the ordered structure, and (3) further ordering in the ordered region.
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米竹 孝一郎, 増子 徹, 田中 克史
原稿種別: 本文
p.
152-153
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Side chain liquid crystalline polymers (SCLCPs) exhibit essentially electro-rheological(ER) properties. The coagulated stxuctures induced by electric fields and shear flow have been investigated in order to analyze the mechanism of ER. The ER effect was obtaained at the temperature range above the isotropization point under shear flow. We observed the phase transition of SCLCP under shear flow at various shear rates at elevated temperatures using a microscope shearing system. The SCLCP used in this study exhibited an isotropic/smectic phase transition at 35.8℃. The liquid crystalline structures, however, could be observed at higher temperatures under shear flow. The phase transtion temperature of SCLCP increased with increasing shear rate. It suggests that the liquid crystalline structures were induced by shear flow.
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尾崎 雅則, 中山 広昭, 吉野 勝美, Werner F. Schmidt
原稿種別: 本文
p.
154-155
発行日: 1999/09/28
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Carrier transport and generation processes in 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahexyloxy-triphenylene (HHOTP) have been studied by a time-of-flight method in various phases. The carrier mobility is estimated by using curve fitting method in which the spatial distribution of generated charge carrier density is taken into consideration. From the experimentally determined slope-to-intercept value in a field dependence of generated charge, zero field quantum efficiency of carrier generation is estimated to be approximately 0.05% by taking Onsager model into consideration.
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坂上 作光, 古賀 淑哲, 野中 一洋, 高瀬 晃
原稿種別: 本文
p.
156-157
発行日: 1999/09/28
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N-[4-(4-n-alkoxybenzoyloxy)-2-hydroxy-benzylidene]-iodoanilines[nAHmI(n; n=1-8, m; m=2:-ortho, m=3: -meta, m=4: -para)] were newly synthesized. para-I substituted nAH4Is exhibited a nematic phase. meta-I substituted (4-8)AH3I and ortho-I substituted (4, 8)AH2I exhibited a monotropic nematic phase. The temperature dependence of Raman spectra of nAHmI was observed and some of the Raman bands changed in intensity and frequency through the phasetransitions. Their changes can be explained by the change of the molecular conformation. Of particular interest is that the behavior of the band around 990 cm^<-1> ascribed to the CH out-of-plane vibration of the aniline ring is explained by the change in the twist angle of the aniline ring to the salicylaldimino part of the molecule. Some of nAHmI showed a photochromic property in the solid state. It was found that the band aroud 990 cm^<-1> is a reliable indication of the photochromic form's identity.
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宇津木 格, 中村 尚武, 那須 喜一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
158-159
発行日: 1999/09/28
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A series of monosubstituted ferrocene derivatives, [4-[ω-(cholesteryloxycarbonyl) alkoxycarbonyl]phenyllferrocene (abbreviated hereafter CAPF-n, where n is the carbon number of the flexible methylene chain), have been synthesized. Phase trasition phenomena of these compounds have been studied by differential scanning calorimeter, polarizing microscope, and so on. In this study, the dynamic viscoelasticity of CAPF-9 was measured as a function of temperature. In the heating process, an abrupt drop of the storage modulus of clasticity (G') was not observed around the clearing temperature. In the liquid state, G' decreased gradually with increasing temperature. Such behavior is different from the feature of the other low molecular weigh liquid crystals.
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夏井 亨, 汪 映寒, 槙田 穣, 中田 正一, 木村 雅之, 松木 安生, 大村 慎一, 熊野 厚司, 竹内 安正, 平岡 弘之
原稿種別: 本文
p.
160-161
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We propose a new alignment method of liquid crystal (LC) utilizing polarized pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The LC alignment was obserbed on the surface of polimide (PMDA/ODA) film, irradiated by 4^<th> harmonic wave (266nm) of Nd:YAG laser. The polyimide film exhibited LC alignment capability perpendicular to the electric vector of polarization plane (perpendicular alignment) at small fluence, while at large fluence parallel alignment was observed. We evaluated that the perpendicular alignment at small fluence was caused by the orientation of polymer chains, rather than by the photo-decomposition, and parallel alignment was ascribed to the fabrication of LIPSS (Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structure).
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川月 喜弘, 林 政毅, 山本 統平
原稿種別: 本文
p.
162-163
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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The anisotropic photoreaction of a copolymer liquid-crystals (CPLC) comprising one co-monomer being anisotropically photo-crosslinkable by linearly polarized (LP)-UV light and the other being insensitive to UV-irradiation is presented. Polarized UV and IR studies suggested a photo-induced alignment of the mesogenic side groups during the LP-UV photoreaction at the LC temperature range of the copolymer. In this paper we reported effect of spacer length on photo-induced alignment of photo-crosslinkable copolymer liquid crystals film.
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川月 喜弘, 五嶋 麻琴, 蔡 為民, 山本 統平
原稿種別: 本文
p.
164-165
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We present linearly polarized (LP) UV photoreaction of photo-crosslinkable block copolvesterethers comprising a hard segment of polyester and a soft segment of poly(tetramethylene ether) (PTMG), and alignment behavior of liquid crystals (LCs) on the resultant photoreacted polymer films. Copolyesterethers with polyester segments of poly(hexamethylene p-phenylenediacrylate)-co-poly(hexamethylene 1,4-dibenzoate) with various copolymerization ratio were used in this study. The LP-UV irradiation resulted in a negative optical anisotropy of the polymer films, and a homogeneous photoalignment of LCs could be achieved on the photoreacted polymer film. The direction of the LC alignment was perpendicular to the electric vector of the incident polarized light when using the homopolyester segment, while a reversion of the alignment direction from parallel to perpendicular was observed when using co-polyester segment, depending on the irradiation doses.
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川月 喜弘, 松芳 勝也, 山本 統平
原稿種別: 本文
p.
166-167
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We describe the effect of annealing condition on the photoalignment behavior of copolymer liquid crystals (CPLC) induced by linearly polarized (LP) UV exposure, The CPLC comprising a 4-(cinnamoyloxy-ethoxy)-4'-(biphenylyloxyhexyl) group and a 4-cyano-4'-(biphenylyloxyhexyl) group with various composition were used in this studies, It was found that the orientational order of the mesogenic group was dependent on the annealing condition and the copolymer composition.
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武本 学, 森 章, 氏家 誠司
原稿種別: 本文
p.
168-169
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Benzenoid twins 2 showed smectic C phases enantiotropically. When the inner alkylene chain length is four or eight, the higher ordered smectic phases appeared. Clearing points of benzenoid twins were higher than those of the corresponding troponoid twins 1. From the X-ray diffraction study of the benzenoid twin, the layer spacing of the smectic C phase was determined to be 41 Å whereas the molecular length is calculated to be 65 Å.
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川月 喜弘, 有田 忠弘, 山本 統平
原稿種別: 本文
p.
170-171
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Many studies have been investigated for the aligmnent of low molecular weight liquid crystal (LMW-LC) by the exposure of linearly polarized (LP) UV light. The films for the photoalignment were made from various photoreactive polymers including a cinnamoyl group, an azobenzene group and so on. But there was no research for the photoaligment polymer comprising an anthracene group as an anisotropically photoreactive center. We newly synthesized the polymer that has anthracene group in the end of side chain and investigated properties of the film exposed LP-UV light and alignment of LMW-LC on the exposed film.
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坂口 和彦, 溝口 慶太, 河村 恭雄, 大船 泰史, 斉藤 伸一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
172-173
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Syntheses and properties of optically active 2,4-disubstituted γ-butyrolactones having a different number of methylene chain between a core and a γ-butyrolactone ring, Me-cis-1-4, Me-trans-1-4, which are developed for ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) are described. Properties of FLC mixtures containing the 7-butyrolactones as chiral dopants and conformations of the γ-butyrolactones in CDC1 were estimated. The relationship between the FLC properties and molecular structures of the γ-butyrolactones are discussed.
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関根 千津, 藤沢 幸一, 紺矢 直人, 南井 正好
原稿種別: 本文
p.
174-175
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We studied 3-ring phenylacetylene compounds for improving conventional problems of high Δn liquid crystals as high melting points and insufficient photostability. 3-ring phenylacetylene homologues which had methyl groups with the core part were synthesized and evaluated. Melting points, clearing points and Δn were affected by the positions of the methyl group substitutions. Middle ring was more favorable substituent position for lowering the temperature range of liquid crystal phases with keeping Δn.
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戴 小満, 上岡 武則, 後藤 博正, 赤木 和夫, 白川 英樹
原稿種別: 本文
p.
176-177
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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To develop advanced LC conjugated polymers which can be quickly responsive to electric field used as a external force, we have synthesized several new LC ployacetylene derivatives containing the optically active (S)-(+)-2-octoxyl and (S)-(-)-2-fluorooctoxyl groups at side chains. Phase transition behaviors of these polymers were examined by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and polarizing optical microscope (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Some polymers showed chiral smectic C phase (S_c) in wide temperature range. Mesophase behaviors of the polymers were investigated in terms of mesogenic aromatic rings and terminal asymmetic moieties. For LC polyacetylene derivatives, the S_c phase was easily formed by introducing the fluorine-containing chiral LC groups into side chains, so far as the mesogenic core including of three phenyl rings was adopted rather than that of two phenyl rings.
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清水 兼高, 北嶋 勝広, 横小路 修, 平井 良典, 久保 麻子
原稿種別: 本文
p.
178-179
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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The mixtures with fast response time at low temperature for STN-LCDs were developed using trans-difluorostilbene (DFS) compounds. These compounds have a very low viscosity, but they isomerize to cis- compounds by UV light. We successfully developed optimum structure of DFS compounds for indoor use, this time it was found that the suitable alignment layers gave a good UV stability to DFS compounds for outdoor use.
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青木 良夫, 松島 健太郎, 廣瀬 卓司, 野平 博之
原稿種別: 本文
p.
180-181
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Novel antiferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC) with a trifiuoromethyl group at the chiral center was synthesized using an optically active 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-phenylbutanoic acid. New AFLC showed SmA and SmCA phases on cooling. A relationship between some physical properties and a molecular structure was discussed.
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牛久保 公平, 伊勢 典子, 吉沢 篤
原稿種別: 本文
p.
182-183
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We found that rotational viscosity of a cyanobiphenyl - phenylbenzoate system decreases in the SmA phase as decreasing temperature. The property - structure correlations have been investigated. The chain length of the alkoxy cyanobiphenyl was found to have an important role in the phenomenon.
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古屋 吉啓, 楊 槐, 山根 大和, 菊池 裕嗣, 梶山 千里
原稿種別: 本文
p.
184-185
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Laser thermo-addressing characteristics based on the S_A-N phase transition were investigated for the induced smectic (pseudo side-chain liquid crystalline copolymer:pseudo LCcoP/liquid crystals:LCs/chiral dopant/dye) composite systems with a homeotropic LC state. The laser thermo-recording of the composite systems was achieved with He-Ne laser of low power (2mW). Also, the composite systems exhibited a high contrast and a stable memory effect.
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蓮尾 東海, 山口 雅裕
原稿種別: 本文
p.
186-187
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We prepared the (polymer/liquid crystal) composite films consisting of nematic LC and UV curable LC with aligning treatment, which exhibited the characteristic of the reverse mode, and investigated the light switching characteristics of the composite films. In this study, we used 1,4-phenylene bis{4-[6- (acryloyloxy) hexyloxy] benzoate} (PBAHB) and its substituted compounds as a UV curable LC monomer. It was found that the composite film using PBAHB provided a less switching hysteresis than any other LC monomer.
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佐藤 大輔, 小出 直之
原稿種別: 本文
p.
188-189
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) derivatives with an optically active group in the side chain were prepared to investigate their mesomorphic, electrical and optical properties. The polymer containing the 2-methylbutoxy moiety in the side chain showed a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase. In the polymers containing optically active and mesogenic moieties, absorption maxima and emission maxima were shifted to shorter wavelength, and stronger circular dichroisms(CDs) were observed compared to the polymers containing mesogenic moieties. In the case of polymers containing optically active and mesogenic moieties, oxidation and reduction peak potentials had higher values compared to the polymers containing mesogenic moieties.
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溝下 倫大, 加藤 隆史, 英 謙二, 右近 正克, 清水 洋
原稿種別: 本文
p.
190-191
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Discotic liquid crystals are potential anisotropic materials for electronic and optical applications. We showed that composite formation of calamitic liquid crystals and self-assembling molecules led to the fabrication of a novel class of anisotropic gels exhibiting response to electric fields and heterogeneous anisotropic organization. Here we report the composite formation of discotic liquid crystals and hydrogen-bonded molecules and the different structural features of the discotic liquid-crystalline gels from the anisotropic gels of calamitif liquid crystals.
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Wen WAN, Takushi SUGINO, Hirosato MONOBE, Yuko TANAKA, Yo SHIMIZU
原稿種別: Article
p.
192-193
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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A novel triphenylene mesogen with two terminal carboxylic acids was synthesized. This asymmetrically substituted derivative gives a monotropic mesophase on cooling. Temperature dependence of infrared spectra for this compound shows that hydrogen bond interaction among the carboxylic acids could contribute to decrease of the mesophase thermal stability.
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鈴木 大介, 小出 直之
原稿種別: 本文
p.
194-195
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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Discotic liquid crystalline compounds have considerable interests in their mesomorphic properties and their unique molecular arrangements. We synthesized novel disk-shaped mesogens containing one terminal reactive function, because they can be easily introduced to the polymer backbone. It is well known that disk-shaped compounds containing electron donor units can be doped with acceptor molecules to form charge transfer (CT) complexes. Therefore, we also examined the mesomorphic properties for the mixtures of the synthesized disk-shaped mesogens with 2,4,7-trinitrofluoren-9-one (TNF). This disk-shaped compound exhibited schlieren texture, while the mixtures of the disk-shaped compound with TNF exhibited focal conic fan or broken fan textures. The charge transfer absorption band of the mixture was observed about 550nm by UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy measurements.
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大竹 俊裕, 蟹江 澄志, 加藤 隆史, 秋田 香織, 仁科 直子, 大野 弘幸
原稿種別: 本文
p.
196-197
発行日: 1999/09/28
公開日: 2017/01/10
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We reported new ion conductive liquid crystalline materials by utilization of ionic conductivity of poly(ethylene oxide)s / alkali metal salts complexes and anisotropy of liquid crystals. For the further development of anisotropic ion conductors, stabilization of smectic phase structures in a wide range of temperature including room temperature is desirable. We focused on a fluorine-lithium ion interaction to stabilize the phases, and synthesized a fluorine-substituted mesogenic twin molecule containing oxyethylene spacers. Complexation of the compound with LiCF_3SO_3 induced a improved thermal stability of the smectic A phase, the degree of the positive deviation by the complexation was up to 100℃. In contrast, such stabilization was not observed for complexes of a homologous compound without the fluorine substituent. We attributed the significant mesophase stabilization to the interaction between fluorine atom and lithium cation. When the mesogenenic core of the complex formed a homeotropically aligned monodomain, the ionic conductivity along the layer of oxyethylene moiety became higher than that for the unaligned one. This result suggests that long range conductive paths have been formed in the complex.
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