It is said that people including patients and nurses relation is partnership, but for nurses, it is difficult to found partnership with people. The health information center is opened in a nursing college for people where people can get the useful information for their decision making to take initiative in their own healthcare. For the same purpose, “knowing the body project” developed the picture books of a body, and developed learning program of the body for children. Through these activities two models which explain and concretize the partnership with people and nurses were found.
Each partner has to have the equal power and own role to found the partnership. One model is named “Kakine-model (Hedge-model),” it shows the key point to make the equal power. All partners have own territory around trees and they have to make effort to keep the trees short.
Another model is “Mochi wa mochiya-model (Every man to his own trade-model).” This model presents all of partners have own special role, so it is important to clear the role and trust each other with the role.

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Purpose: This study investigated the emotional experiences of caregivers for family members dying at home in order to identify the factors that constitute anticipatory grief.
Methods: Data were collected using semi-structured interviews conducted on 10 bereaved families in which a family member had died at home. The recorded interviews were qualitatively analyzed using the KJ method. After analyzing the data individually according to each case, a synthetic analysis was conducted in order to create a diagram of the factors of anticipatory grief.
Results: Six factors that constitute anticipatory grief were identified. First, we extracted the core factor:
i. precedent anxiety regarding bereavement
In addition, the following five factors were found:
ii. a sense of living in another world; thoughts are being controlled, a sense of being separated, and a sense of estrangement
iii. a feeling to result by mourning over death of the loss; spiritual pain
iv. a sense of anger without an outlet; a grudge/regrets/anger towards the disease
v. pressure caused by coordinating care at home
vi. large physical burden caused by prioritizing caregiving over other domestic responsibilities
We also found the following two factors of the emotional experience of the caregivers following bereavement:
i. a positive feeling regarding caring
ii. a sense of guilt that cannot be alleviated; regret regarding the care provided and judgments made
Conclusion: The present results will be used for the future development of an “anticipatory grief assessment tool.”

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The purpose of this study was to identify the positive behavioral and emotional of siblings', through the perception of their mother's (N=201), during the child's hospitalization and mother were rooming-in. Free-descriptions with a questionnaire survey concerning positive changes in siblings were analyzed according to the technique of the content analysis of Krippendorff (2004). The age of the siblings was 6.5±3.7 (M±SD) with a range of 0 to 19, the male and female ratio was approximately 6:4, the age of mothers was 34.6±4.7, that of hospitalized children was 3.9±3.4, and duration of hospitalization was 26.6±56.3, 6.0, 1–341 (M±SD, Mdn, Range). There were 368 textual units extracted from 201 descriptions concerning siblings' positive change were abstracted into 93 codes, and then the codes are sorted into 26 sub-categories. Finally, from the underlying meanings of the sub-categories, 5 themes, [grasp of the present], [emotional change and maturity], [change and increase in positive behavior], [increase control and restraint in emotion] and [increase in independent behavior] were formulated from siblings' positive change. The formal test produced reliability coefficients of 87.3% and 86.3% in percent agreement and .84 in Krippendorff's alpha from the researcher and two pediatric nursing scholars. Tough negative feelings like feeling hard, loneliness or anxiety, siblings are also acquired positive changes through the adversity of children's hospitalization and mother's rooming-in. It is important to accept and appreciate the states, through noticing those of siblings' positive change. Paying attention to appearance with siblings' positive changes will make possible to improve self-efficacy, and relieve any negative change of the siblings'.

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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to identify nursing strategies that help malignant glioma patients and their families make decisions regarding how to spend their time at the end of life.
Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 medical staff (27 nurses and 3 doctors) who cared for malignant glioma patients. Data were analyzed using the Constant Comparative Method of the Grounded Theory Approach.
Results: Five nursing strategies implemented by nurses in order to help patients and their families make effective decisions regarding how to spend their time at the end of life were identified. These strategies were applied when the treatment policy was revised during the period from recurrence to coma. The five nursing strategies were: offer the opinion of the medical staff involved; support emotional bonds; promote a positive image of life after shifting the location of medical treatment; reduce predicted difficulties in daily life after shifting the location of medical treatment; and support the family's decisions. Each nursing strategy reflected nurses' assessments of the recognition of the status quo by patients and their families.
Conclusion: Nurses should always respect the autonomy of patients and their families in making decisions, and it is important that nurses support this decision-making process with the five identified nursing strategies.

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A qualitative, inductive study was conducted to describe the experiences (structure of mind, body and behavior) of persons with psychiatric illness when they felt low self-esteem to develop a nursing care program to facilitate self-esteem recovery. Data was collected from 34 persons with psychiatric illness living in the community, and then analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. As a result, five components were found. When the conditions which lowered their self-esteem were present, their “negative self-image” was activated, and “unbalanced thoughts” whirled around in their minds, they continued “to feel as if they were chased down,” “uncomfortable physical phenomenon” developed, and they could not help exhibiting “self-defensive or aggressive behavior.” They were involved in this vicious circle, which could be interpreted to arise from their obsession with themselves. It is suggested that in order to assist persons with psychiatric illness to break out of the vicious circle the nurses should help them perceive their “negative self-image,” make modifications to it, enhance mental and physical relaxation, and become more conscious of affirmative self-evaluation.

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Purpose: The objectives of this study are to clarify nurse empathic engagement as perceived by patients with breast cancer and to reveal changes in patients through such an empathic engagement.
Method: The study subjects were 10 breast cancer patients who had undergone surgery. A qualitative inductive analysis was performed with data obtained during semi-structured interviews.
Results: Nurse empathic engagement as perceived by patients was grouped into four categories: “humanness,” “reciprocality,” “interest in the patient,” and “concern for the patient.” In addition, changes in patients through empathic engagement as perceived by themselves were grouped into four categories: “deepening of trust,” “positive change in outlook,” “frankness of self-expression,” and “decision-making with respect to treatment.”
Conclusion: Results show that the patients perceived the nurse empathic engagement from the humanness and interest of the nurse, and that such a perception caused encouraging changes in the nurse–patient relationship and positive influences on the future lives of patients.

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