A historical aspect of legume systematics during the latter half of the twentieth century is reviewed. Before the first International Legume Conference in 1978 and publication of the Part 1 of "Advances in Legume Systematics". in 1981,the legume system of either Taubert (1894)・Melchior (1964) or Bentham (1865)・Hutchinson (1964) had been accepted as the standard. A new legume system proposed in the first parts of the Advances (Polhill and Raven 1981) has generally been accepted instead of the previous systems. Since 1981 when the new system was proposed, however, studies on legume systematics have expanded rapidly to new fields of DNA analyses for phylogenetic relationships of the taxa. Traditional fields of legume systematics have also accumulated new taxonomic as well as phylogenetic evidences from morphological, anatomical, palynological, chromosomal, and chemotaxonomical and other studies. The series of the "Advances in Legume Systematics" have paid a role to unite results from both fields. The present legume system that was proposed by Polhill (1994) based on the system published in 1981 will be .improved based on the results of further studies both from phylogenetic analyses and traditional fields.
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