Parnassia teesta D.Maity, S.Saha, A.Banerjee, A.K.Halder, J.Ghosh, Midday, Manasi Mandal & M.D.Dwivedi, a noteworthy new species of the genus Parnassia (Celastraceae) from Sikkim Himalaya, is described based on both morphological and molecular evidence. This new species is similar to P. laxmannii, P. pusilla and P. mysorensis, but it is easily distinguished by its number of basal leaves (up to 15), cordate-reniform basal as well as cauline leaves, cauline leaves without rusty brown hair-like appendages at base, 3-green veined smaller calyx lobes, smaller and mostly apically notched petals, usually subequally 3-lobed staminodes and ovoid seeds. Moreover, leaves are often paertially purple-brown adaxially. The diagnosis, description, color images and illustration of the new species are presented here.

Lectotypes are designated for two names in Euonymus L. (Celastraceae), namely E. hamiltonianus Wall. and E. viburnoides Prain in accordance with the Shenzhen Code after thorough consultation of protologue, original material and relevant literature.

Development and morphology of rhizomes were examined in 14 individuals of Sophora flavescens collected in Japan and introduced from South Korea and China. They were distinguished into two groups of individuals: one has creeping rhizomes as well as thickened vertical ones and the other has only thickened vertical ones. The former included individuals introduced from Beijing and Hangchow, China, and the latter included those from Japan, South Korea and other regions in China. Although morphological differences in the above-ground organs have not yet been found between the two rhizome groups, differences in rhizome morphology may be a trait that contributes to intraspecific taxonomy of S. flavescens. The distribution of the two rhizome types needs to be further investigated, especially in China.

Cissus elongata Roxb. (Vitaceae) and Sarcosperma arboreum Hook.f. (Sapotaceae) are reported for the first time in Nepal. Additionally, the occurrence of Casearia vareca Roxb. (Salicaceae) is confirmed in Nepal. These species were collected from moist gullies in the lowland forests of Nepal.

We discovered Salvia lyrata L. (Lamiaceae) from the wild condition on a road side in Niijima Island, Izu Islands, Japan. This species is cultivated as a garden herb in Japan. We reported the first naturalization from outside the garden.