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Volume 13 (1995)
- Issue 2 Pages 56-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 13, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Nami SANEHIRA, Jun'ichi KATAYAMA1995 Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 1-12
Published: June 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of the number of expected items on semantic priming was investigated using behavioral measures and event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Ten subjects were tested under the antonym condition and the category condition. In the antonym condition, antonym pairs were presented one as the prime, the other the target. In the category condition, the prime was a category name, while the target was a member of the category. Results showed that facilitation and inhibition effects on lexical decision time for the target were larger in the antonym condition. Large N400 was elicited by unrelated and nonword targets. Moreover in the category condition, the N400 amplitude was found to be larger in all types. These results suggested that N400 reflected the verification process in word recognition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1430K) -
Takenobu OHISHI, Gaku TOKITA, Kiyoshi YAMAOKA1995 Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 13-20
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of voluntary “momentary” control of respiration on reaction time and state-anxiety which was measured by STAI-1 test. Subjects were asked to react to the stimulus on CRT by pressing the botton with or without voluntary “momentary” control of respiration. The results showed that mean reaction time was shorter and the score of STAI-1 was higher in the controlled respiration condition than in the spontaneous respiration condition. These results showed that voluntary “momentary” control of respiration heightened subjects' concentration and improved their performance. These results also suggest that voluntary “momentary” control of respiration method may improve motor performance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1059K) -
Yuu TANAKA1995 Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 21-28
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTanaka & Yamaoka (1993) reported that the more difficult the task became, the higher was the blink rate, only in a mental arithmetic task, and this relationship was not found in a letter (a cursive Japanese syllabary called “hiragana”)-search task. The two tasks had a different nature in structure of information processing system. And it was not clear which factor of the changes in the task and information processing system was more depended on the relationship between blink activity and task difficulty. So the purpose of this study was to make clear the relationship using another type of letter (hiragana)-search task which had a nature similar to the mental arithmetic task. And this task prepared three levels of difficulty, setting up by memory set size from 2 to 6 with 2 steps, i. e., MSS2, MSS4, MSS6. Analysis showed that blink rate for MSS6, which was the most difficult task, was significantly higher than that for MSS2, which was the easiest one; namely, the relationship between blink rate and task difficulty was the same as that in the mental arithmetic task. This result suggested that changes in a task should have no effect on the relationship between blink rate and task difficulty. The result for blink amplitude indicated that this measure was a valid index of arousal level. Blink duration was not affected by memory set size.View full abstractDownload PDF (1061K) -
Tomoyuki YOSHIDA, Makoto KIKUMOTO, Kazuo MATSUMOTO1995 Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 29-38
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pattern of nasal skin temperature change under a white noise exposure and its correlation to subjective state were examined. Eight subjects were exposed to four trials, each consisting of two, 2 min resting periods and a 2 min of white noise period, and their nasal skin temperature was measured during these periods. The white noise period consisted of different sound pressure levels (40, 50, 60, and 90 dB), which were all presented to the subject through headphones by a random sequence. Subjects also evaluated their own subjective states (subjective arousal, irritation, and mood) for the resting and the stimulus conditions. The results showed that the nasal skin temperature increased gradually in the resting condition and decreased transiently at the onset of the white noise period. This decrease of temperature lasted for 30 s to 1 min after the termination of sound exposure. The amount of temperature decrease correlated with the intensity of noise, and the temperature decrease was the largest at the 90 dB condition. The amount of temperature decrease also correlated significantly with the increase of subjective arousal and irritation. These results suggest that the nasal skin temperature is a good marker to estimate subjective state.View full abstractDownload PDF (1349K) -
Yukihiro SAWADA1995 Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 39-47
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHemodynamic mechanisms of blood pressure elevation during the cold pressor test (CPT) were investigated in relation to its pain and cold stimulus components. Fourteen normotensive college male students underwent two, 90-s CPT's (VC and 8°C) in a counter-balanced order; and ten others underwent a 90-s CPT with a very mild temperature (14°C). The results indicated that a primary increase in peripheral vascular resistance, as well as a secondary increase in heart rate, raised blood pressure during the CPT's with VC and 8°C, whereas only an increase in peripheral vascular resistance was effective in raising blood pressure in the 14°C CPT. These suggested that both the pain and cold stimulus components affected the blood pressure elevations during the former and solely the pain component seemed to play a predominat role in the latter. Baroreceptor reflex sensitivity was unchanged during any of the CPT's : This suggested that only “resetting” occurred against the blood pressure elevations. The implications of these results were discussed for a better understanding of stress testing in cardiovascular research.View full abstractDownload PDF (1168K)
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