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Volume 16 (1998)
- Issue 2 Pages 67-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 16, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Ryota WATANABE, Tsunetaka OKITA, Kenzo KONISHI, Hayao IMASHIOYA1998 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 67-76
Published: December 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThrough 4 experiments, the basic characteristics of event-related potentials to faces were investigated in 12 graduate and undergraduate students. In Experiments 1 and 2, photographs of faces (unknown person's faces), animal faces, objects and mosaic stimuli which were quantamized to each stimulus, were presented on a CRT monitor. The result showed that the negative deflection to the faces at about 170 ms after stimulus onset (N170) were enhanced, as reported previously (Bentin et al., 1996). In Experiment 3, the subject's own face and an unknown person's face were used. No difference in N170 amplitude between the two types of faces was found, whereas the following negative deflection (N270) was enlarged to the subject's own face. In Experiment 4, the subject's own face, an unknown person's face, an animal face, and an object were used as stimuli. The results were similar to those of Experiments 1, 2, and 3; N170 was particularly enhanced toward human faces, and N270 was enlarged as face familiarity. These findings, interpreted according to the face recognition model by Bruce and Young (1986), suggested that N170 and N270 were associated with the the structural encoding process and the face recognition units, respectively. Furthermore, the paradigm in Experiment 4 was suggested applications for study in face recognition of developmentally retarded children and adults.View full abstractDownload PDF (1411K) -
Nobuyoshi IWAKI1998 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 77-84
Published: December 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, ERPs and EMG were recorded in a GO/NO-GO task of discriminating between two visual stimuli. Eight right-handed subjects were required to respond to one of those stimuli (GO trial) but not to the other (NO-GO trial). The NO-GO potential relating to the function of response inhibition appeared largely at frontal and central sites in NO-GO trials. In the NO-GO trials with the error at the muscular level, the other negativity was also found overlapping with the NO-GO potential. Additional analyses were done on the EMG latency, the other negativity latency, and the wave forms triggered by the EMG response. The results suggest that the negativity, that was different from the NO-GO potential, was possibly the error-related negativity (ERN). In addition, it was suggested that there may be a trade-off relationship between the time required in an error detection processing that the ERN is thought to reflect and the accuracy of subject's response. Finally, some methodological problems in excluding the ERN overlapping the other ERPs were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1049K) -
Hiroaki MASAKI, Noriyoshi TAKASAWA, Katuo YAMAZAKI1998 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 85-91
Published: December 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was designed to investigate the effect of the motor programming and the force parameter applying process on the readiness potential (RP). Nine right-handed male subjects performed the force production task which required them to pull a trigger in an attempt to produce a target force. We investigated three conditions. In the single target condition, the subjects were asked to produce a target force of 1300 gf successively. In the multiple target condition, they were requested to produce two additional targets (i.e., 500 gf and 2100 gf) other than 1300 gf in a random order. In the third tracking condition, they were asked to track a white dot on a sine curve or a horizontal straight line displayed on a CRT in addition to the 1300 gf production task. The EEG measures preceding the 1300 gf production trials were exclusively analyzed. The RP amplitudes ranging from 1300 to 100 ms prior to the movement were significantly larger in the multiple target condition and the tracking condition than in the single target condition. These results suggested that the modification processes of the generalized motor program and force parameter were responsible for the enhanced RP.View full abstractDownload PDF (5789K) -
Yoshio KITAJIMA, Miyoshi KUMOI, Toshihide KOIKE1998 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 93-100
Published: December 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study aimed to clarify development of anticipatory heart rate deceleration in infants. ECGs were recorded during a mother played peek-a-boo game, using her face or a doll. Four babies from four to 8 months old were examined in Experiment 1, and one subject was recorded longitudinally from zero to 9 months old at one interval of one month (Experiment 2). HR acceleration to S1 was observed in infants for zero to 2 months old. HR deceleration after S2 occurred in infants for three to 5 months old. Anticipatory HR deceleration was observed in infants for six to 9 months old. The result indicated that developmental change of recognizing contingency of stimuli occurred in 6-7 months old infants, which was reflected in anticipatory HR deceleration to S1.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K) -
1998 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 101-127
Published: December 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
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