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Volume 17 (1999)
- Issue 3 Pages 173-
- Issue 2 Pages 49-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 17, Issue 1
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Hiromi MIYAJIMA, Shukichi ERA1999 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: June 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated which factors affected the appearance of the P3 event-related potential (ERP) component in an auditory passive oddball paradigm. P3 waves from the two passive procedures (the simple ignore condition and the condition with a distracting task) were compared P3 wave from the active discrimination task condition. In Experiment 1, the sequence of stimuli consisted of infrequent 3000 Hz (p=.20) and 500 Hz tone bursts (p=.80). In Experiment 2, the 3000 Hz tone burst was replaced by a click.
The distinct P3 appeared in the ignore condition in Experiment 2, that had similar scalp distribution and latency to those from the active condition. In the other passive conditions in Experiments 1 and 2, P3 did not appear. These findings suggest that some qualitative differences between frequent and infrequent tones could cause the appearance of P3 in the passive oddball paradigm. The clinical applications of passive P3 for the subject populations who are unable to reach the required performances, are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (834K) -
Tetsuya JIBU, Tsunetaka OKITA, Akihiro YAGI1999 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 9-19
Published: June 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAuditory event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded to words and pseudowords to compare repetition effects when first and second presentations were in the same voices (male-male or female-female) and when they were in different voices (male-female or female-male). The participant's task was to detect pseudo-words. A negative wave (N300) was elicited for the immediate repetition (lag 0) of words and pseudowords irrespective of voice. The development of N300 was enlarged in the same voice repetition compared to the different voice repetition. The reduction of N400 was observed for both immediate and delayed (lag 10-11) repetitions, and no substantial effect of voice was found. These two types of repetition priming effects on N300 and N400 were discussed in relation to stimulus processing at the acoustic and semantic levels, respectively. In addition, a right frontal negativity enhanced for immediate repetition of pseudowords was suggested to reflect the activation of an alertness system.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Mizuki NAKAO, Makoto MIYATANI1999 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 21-31
Published: June 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this experiment, we dissociated and evaluated the effects of context and expectancy on the N400 of event-related potential (ERP). Twelve undergraduate and graduate subjects participated in a target detection task. They were required to detect a target word in a series of successively presented words. A target was a specific word (e.g., baseball) which was immediately preceded by another specific word (prime, e.g., carrot). The ERPs for other three probe (a word which followed a prime) conditions were compared; probes semantically related to the prime, probes semantically related to the expected target, and probes unrelated to prime and target. In the latency range of 300-700 ms, both the ERPs to the primerelated probes and to the target-related probes were positive compared with the unrelated probes. These positive shifts seemed to result from the N400 attenuation for the primerelated probes and for the target-related probes. The result suggests that the N400 reflects the processes which integrate the word representations into the preceding context representations in the working memory.View full abstractDownload PDF (782K) -
Yukihiro SAWADA1999 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 33-46
Published: June 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present review, at the outset, some basic issues pertaining to finger photoplethysmography have been reexamined : blood vessel architecture and α-adrenergic sympathetic activity in the finger, recording technique and the perturbing factors, and data reduction methods related to the traditional measures (i.e., blood volume and blood volume pulse). Second, application of the Lambert-Beer's law to finger segment in situ was validated and a new measure, normalized pulse volume (NPV), was derived from the law as a superior alternative to the traditional measures. Third, previous findings, mainly on the blood volume pulse, were revaluated in consideration of the different autonomic regulatory mechanisms during passive vs. active coping tasks. Some unresolved issues which need to be clarified in future studies are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1074K)
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