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Volume 27 (2009)
- Issue 3 Pages 199-
- Issue 2 Pages 73-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 27, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Keita KAMIJO, Yuji TAKEDA2009 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 199-206
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aging effects on subitizing were investigated using event-related brain potentials. Forty younger adults and 35 older adults perfonned an enumeration task in the subitizing range (i.e., 1 to 4 items). Results showed the slope of reaction times were steeper for older adults compared to younger adults, in dicating subitizing speed is affected by aging. Nl amplitudes increased with the number of items irrespective of age, suggesting that age-related decline of subitizing speed is independent of visual perceptual processes. In contrast, N2 amplitudes did not change with the number of items for younger adults, whereas the amplitudes decreased with increasing numbers of items for the older adults. These findings suggest that older adults might require attentive processes to enumerate items even in the subitizing range, whereas younger adults could enumerate the number of items by using preattentive information.View full abstractDownload PDF (827K)
Brief Reports
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: An event-related potential studyKimiko KATO, Kazuhito YOSHIZAKI, Tsunetaka OKITA2009 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 207-213
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate interhemispheric transfer of semantic information, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during performance of a semantic matching task in which face (prime) and given name (target) pairs were sequentially presented to either the left (LVF) or the right visual field (RVF). Twelve right-handed participants were asked to judge whether prime was the same as target in terms of sex. The results were twofold. First, slow negativity in the interval between the prime and the target showed no hemispheric difference for LVF primes, whereas it was larger over the left than the right hemisphere for RVF primes. Second, the N400 priming effect did not vary depending on the combinations of visual field condition. These findings suggested that face information is dominantly transferred from the right to the left hemisphere, compared to the reverse direction, and that this asymmetry does not affect semantic priming effects observed by N400.View full abstractDownload PDF (1017K) -
Hiroshi NITTONO, Aya SAKATA2009 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 215-223
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCognitive processes during human-computer interactions can be assessed through event-related brain potentials (ERPs). In the present study, we examined the effect of task instructions on ERP components elicited by unresponsive computers to users' operations. Sixteen university students were asked to press a mouse button at self-chosen, regular intervals of 1 to 2s. Each button press was immediate1y followed by ar esponse feedback stimulus (i.e., a white circle presented on ab lack computer screen), but the stimulus was sometimes omitted ((p = .15). The omitted stimuli elicited an egative missing-stimulus potential in a latency range of 200-250 ms, which was dominant at the temporal scalp sites. In addition, when the participants were informed that the presence of feedback stimuli depended on their performance (i.e., the stimulus would not appear whenever the button press was ill-timed), the feedback-related negativity appeared at the frontal sites in the same latency range. These findings suggest that the ERPs elicited by computer events may reflect how the users interpret these events in different situations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1283K)
Review
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Yo MIYATA2009 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 225-234
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPavlov was awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1904 for his studies on the physiology of digestion. In the present article his experimenta1 research on the digestive glands in dogs is outlined, in cluding sham-feeding, me asuring the response of an isolated stomach, use of a salivary and apancreatic fistula, and the phenomenon of "psychic secretion" which he later called a conditional or conditioned reflex. Also discussed are the reasons Pavlov was not selected as a laureate of the Prize for three years since 1901 though recommended in every year, the Nobel Prize award ceremony and Pavlov, the aftermath for him as the winner, and his influences on the psychology of learning and behavior.View full abstractDownload PDF (1578K)
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