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Volume 28 (2010)
- Issue 3 Pages 187-
- Issue 2 Pages 77-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 28, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Yuya SAKIMOTO, Minoru HATTORI, Shogo SAKATAArticle type: Original Article
2010 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 187-197
Published: December 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examined hippocampal theta rhythm during nonlinear and linear tasks in rats. In experiment one, hippocampal theta rhythm was recorded during a negative patterning task (serving as a nonlinear task) and a simple discrimination task (serving as a linear task). In experiment two, hippocampal theta rhythm was recorded during a positive patterning task (serving as a nonlinear task) and a simple discrimination task (serving as a linear task). The results revealed that hippocampal theta power increased during compound trials in the negative patterning task, but did not increase in positive patterning or simple discrimination trials. These findings indicated a relationship between hippocampal theta rhythm and negative patterning with compound stimuli.View full abstractDownload PDF (1130K) -
Takako YOSHIMURA, Mariko OSAKA, Shinichiro MAESHIMA, Aiko OSAWAArticle type: Original Article
2010 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 199-208
Published: December 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatients with various types of dementia show diverse forms of impairment of cognitive functions, such as language, memory, executive function and problem solving (DSM-IV).
Reading Span Test (RST) measures the functions of Working Memory (WM) (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980), mainly reflecting frontal lobe functions. This study investigated how regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured by SPECT would differ depending on the results of RST, and evaluated the usefulness of the RST as an assessment tool for dementia in light of cerebral degeneration.
Participants were 33 elderly patients who complained of memory decline. RST for the elderly, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and SPECT were executed.
Results showed that the rCBF in specific regions were significantly higher for RST high score group than RST low score group. However, there were no significant differences of rCBF between two types of dementia.
We discussed the brain regions which would influence the performance on RST and the effectiveness of RST in the clinical situation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1187K)
Brief Reports
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Masahiro TAKAMURA, Makoto MIYATANI2010 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 209-218
Published: December 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo examine how and when a visual imagery process is involved with word processing, we investigated the effects of visual imagery disruption on the event-related potentials (ERP) elicited by concrete and abstract words. Twelve healthy adults participated in this experiment, for which they were required to judge the imageability of auditorily presented noun stimuli. Of the participants, half were presented with dynamic visual noise (DVN) during the task; half were presented with a graycolored static screen (control group). Results showed that the ERPs to concrete words were more negative relative to the ERPs to abstract words in early and late time windows. In the early time window, a significant negative shift effect was found in the control group, but not in the DVN group. In the late time window, the negative shift was not significant in either group. Results suggest that the negative shift effect in the early time window reflects a qualitative difference between the processing of concrete and abstract words, and the contribution of visual imagery processing to concrete word processing.View full abstractDownload PDF (3181K)
Technical Note
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Namiko OGAWA, Shuhei IZAWA, Shinobu NOMURA, Kazuhiko MACHIDA2010 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 219-224
Published: December 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough commercial saliva collectors are available, their reliability for use in the analysis of salivary hormones remains uncertain. Here, we investigated the impact of saliva collection methods (passive drool [straws], cotton rolls and polymer rolls) on the outcome of measurements of salivary adrenal hormones (cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA] and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate [DHEA-S]). We also investigated the effects of the storage of saliva at room temperature on the measurements. Saliva samples were collected from 20 adults (7 men, 13 women) by using straws, cotton rolls and polymer rolls. Some of these samples were stored at room temperature for 4 or 9 days. Samples stored at room temperature for 9 days had significantly higher DHEA levels than those frozen on the day of collection (p < .05). Compared to the samples collected using straws, those collected using cotton rolls showed high concentration of DHEA-S (p < .01). For future studies involving examination of salivary adrenal hormone levels, it is crucial that researchers are aware of these issues regarding the effects of the saliva collection methods and storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (531K)
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