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Volume 19 (1978)
- Issue 4 Pages 287-
- Issue 3 Pages 175-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 62-
Volume 19, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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H. OKABAYASHI, H. WATANABE, Y. TAKIZAWA1978 Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 62-69
Published: March 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report presents the results on the measurements of plutonium in samples of various human organs of Japanese collected in Niigata prefecture since 1963 to 1973. The results showed that the averaged concentrations of Pu-239+240 in cerebrum, lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, testicle, uterus, ovary and bone were 0.5, 1.2, 2.3, 0.8, 1.1, 0.6, 0.9, 0.8, 3.4 and 2.7 fCi/gram fresh weight respectively. Although it is suggested that liver and bone are the critical organs for plutonium intake, it can not be overlooked the accumulation of this nuclide in spleen and gonad.
As the amount of plutonium deposited in organs showed a closer relation to the intake of the nuclide in the atmosphere than in the diet, it should be said that the greatest care have to be taken to the inhalation of this nuclde.View full abstractDownload PDF (288K) -
S. SUZUKI1978 Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 70-77
Published: March 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe radiosensitivities of artificial and natural liposomes were investigated to clarify the mechanism of damage to biomembranes. Both liposomes were highly resistant to X-rays, SH-blocking agents, radiation protective agents, and these combinations in terms of leakage of K+ or glucose. The results mean that the membrane structure of lipids is resistant to these and confirm that damage to the membrane protein may be responsible for the change in the permeability of irradiated red blood cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (371K) -
G. TANAKA, H. KAWAMURA1978 Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 78-84
Published: March 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a method of prompt and rapid estimation of thyroidal 131I burden of the public (and nuclear workers) in emergency exposure to radioiodine, feasibility of a use of a scintillation survey meter with a NaI (T1) crystal was demonstrated using phantoms simulating the thyroid gland of Japanese.
Age dependency in the efficiency of detection was found. From the obtained detection limit, a possibility of the practical application of this method was proven. The present method may be safely used in rapid screening and measurement to a first approximation of the thyroidal 131I burden and consequently approximation of absorbed dose to the thyroid gland in emergency situations.View full abstractDownload PDF (284K) -
T. MASUDA, N. IWASHITA, H. SHINOHARA, M. KONDO1978 Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 85-92
Published: March 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals with several glycyl-amino acids were determined by a competition method using p-nitrosodimethylailine as a reference compound. For glycyl-aliphatic amino acids, the enhancement of reactivity was observed as compared with the corresponding free amino acids. The reactivity was explained qualitatively in terms of partial reactivities assigned to each C-H bond of the dipeptides. For glycyl-aromatic amino acids, the rate constants were found to be almost equal to those of the corresponding free amino acids. The reactivity of a protein toward hydroxyl radical was well understood by summation of the rate constants, corrected by steric factors, of amino acid residues located on surface of the protein. The enhanced reactivity of the aliphatic peptides was interpreted in terms of the difference in interaction energy between NH2- and NH3+-forms of an aliphatic amino acid, which was calculated for the system including glycine and hydroxyl radical according to CNDO/2 method.View full abstractDownload PDF (366K) -
T. UEDA, R. NAKAMURA, Y. SUZUKI1978 Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 93-99
Published: March 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration factors of 106Ru-106Rh and 137Cs for a marine bivalve and a alga were investigated. Furthermore, the transfer ratio ([cpm/g of organism] /[cpm/g of sediment]) of these nuclides from contaminated sediments to organisms was examined. Then the concentration factors were compared with the transfer ratio to know the relative influence of sea water and sediments on the contamination of marine organisms. The obtained figures, we call the biological factor of the sediments (BFS), were 70 and 160 for red alga and bivalve on 137Cs, and 5400 and 2900 for them in case of 106Ru-106Rh, respectively. These figures were comparable to those for annelid worm, 40 on 137Cs and 1000 on 106Ru-106Rh.View full abstractDownload PDF (259K)
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