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Volume 4, Issue 1
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Masami IZAWA, Hiroyuki TSUBOTA, Minoru TANO1963 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: March 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: August 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalytical method to determine cesium-137 in human urine was studied. Cesium-137 with cesium-carrier was adsorbed on solid ammonium molybdophosphate in acidified urine. The precipitate was dissolved with alkaline solution, and cesium was separated with a column of phenol-sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin. Cesium was finally precipitated as cesium perchlorate and its β-activity was measured with an anticoincidence low-background Geiger-Muller counter. A few μμc of cesium-137 in a sample solution could be determined by the method. The method has been used in a routine survey program of cesium-137 contamination of human urine since 1961. This method can also be applied to the determination of cesium-137 in natural waters.View full abstractDownload PDF (265K) -
Noboru YAMAGATA, Wumiko KURIOKA, Toshi SHIMIZU1963 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 8-15
Published: March 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: August 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMeasurements were made of the stable cobalt in total diet samples collected from a number of sites to know the normal daily ingestion of this element by average Japanese. Two thirds of Japanese adults should take 11-28 μg of cobalt daily and rural children, a half or less amount. The main contributors of cobalt in Japanese diet are plant products. Their contribution as a whole was estimated up to 88.2% of the total intake.
Biological half-life of radiocobalt was estimated as 106 days (fw : 0.3) or 29.3 days (fw : 0.92) for Japanese on the basis of assumed existence of an equilibrium condition between the stable element and radiocobalt.
Estimation of the daily intakes by Japanese of 60Co through marine and land products was also attempted in the assumed situation of environmental contamination of sea-water and soils.View full abstractDownload PDF (338K) -
Yasushi NISHIWAKI, Hiroshi KAWAI, Yotaro OSHIMA, Masaki KOYAMA1963 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 16-25
Published: March 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: August 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the ordinary liquid scintillation counting the vial containing the sample and the photomultiplier are kept at low temperature in a large refrigerator. However, in order to avoid the possible undesirable effects of cooling the sample, only the photomultiplier kept in vacuum was cooled down to a temperature of -15 ?? -20°C with the thermoelements to reduce the noise. Even if it were cooled down to a lower temperature, the reduction of noise would be slight. Therefore a simplification of liquid scintillation counting can be achieved without cooling the sample by replacing the large refrigerator with small thermo-elements cooling only the photomultiplier.View full abstractDownload PDF (350K) -
Akiko HORIUCHI, Ryushi ICHIKAWA1963 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 26-30
Published: March 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: August 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelationship between radiocesium content in hen's eggs and their diet was investigated by feeding experiments. From the results of single and daily oral administration of cesium-134, it may be said that about 2 to 3 per cent of daily intake of radiocesium is transfered into egg, while yolk contains radiocesium of only 1/5 to 1/6 that in egg white. As urinary and fecal excretion of cesium is fairly rapid, about half the oral intake can be eliminated within a few days.View full abstractDownload PDF (183K) -
Giichi YOSHII, Machiko MIYACHI1963 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 31-38
Published: March 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: August 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of the radiation injury to Na transport through the cell membrane, and of its recovery. It was found that 137Cs γ-ray irradiation in vitro caused inhibition of Na extrusion from the rat blood cell. Whereas no damage to Cl transport could be detected under the conditions of the present experiment. The failure of Na extrusion due to irradiation could be restored by the addition of ATP or DPN prior to irradiation, but could not be restored by glucose or nicotinamide. In the case of restoration by ATP, nucleosides contained therein seems to be transported into the cell and then synthesized into nucleotides, which, in turn, would serve in the restoration of Na extrusion activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (276K) -
T. R. FOLSOM, Katsuko SARUHASHI1963 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 39-53
Published: March 01, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: August 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReplicate samples of sea water were analyzed for cesium 137, both at Meteorological Research Institute and Scripps Institution of Oceanography for overall comparison of assay. Also analyses done partly on ship were compared with analyses done entirely in the laboratory. Agreement was good in spite entirely different techniques and different primary standards. The independent assays of the two separate laboratories had average difference of only 10%.
Replicate of coastal sea water were analyzed for fallout cesium at SIO simultaneously by precipitation with ferrocyanide and also with ammonium molybdophosphate. Relative yields were determined under conditions close to those used for actual oceanographic purposes.
Chemical yield resulting from precipitating known amounts of cesium 134 tag in sea water as nickel ferrocyanide was determined and from this, together with the relative yield data, the recovery effectiveness of analyses using ammonium molybdophosphate precipitation was deduced.
Recovery of known amounts of radiocesium from sea water by scavenging with ammonium molybdophosphate gave average yields of 94 ± 3% and indicated that the sorbtive efficiency of AMP in sea water was higher than has been reported. Studies of the fundamental behavior of AMP in sea water was initiated.View full abstractDownload PDF (696K)
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