We have used suppressed tracking tasks and inverted tracking tasks and studied the learning processes and transfer of learning in order to investigate perceptual motor coordination. In suppressed trials, either the target or the manual cursor was suppressed for a brief period during each trial. In inverted trials, the relation between joystick movement and target movement was inverted at an unpredictable time during each trial. These tasks require learning a novel sensorimotor transformation. We have used this approach to discuss the internal models used during tracking, and their updating during motor learning. The results suggested hierarchy and modularity of the internal models.

The purpose of this study was to classify baseball coaches based on the difference of ideas for movement during baseball pitching. One hundred twelve baseball coaches voluntarily answered a questionnaire consisting of 30 items concerning the movements during pitching, and 86 valid respondents were utilized for the following analyses. Among 30 items, six were selected for the classification. Categorical principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. Eighty-six coaches were classified 5 clusters. The clusters were related to the attributes coaches have, by utilizing correspondence analyses. Even the classification was conducted based on the teaching principles for movements during pitching, the coaches were classified as their coaching level, that is, a high school coach or a coach for under 15-years-old.

This paper describes about User's Impressions for the conversational robot that performs an interface role between the intellectual system and the human. A couple of experiments were carried out to evaluate how the impression of the person who talked to the robot as a user of the system changed by the difference in the small gestures of the robots.

The process of rehearsal is divided into two phases; monitoring one's own performance, and evaluating it. The aim of this study is to investigate the expertise of actors in this rehearsal process. In the monitoring phase, novice actors practiced using a mirror more frequently than intermediate and junior expert actors, probably because they lacked ability to monitor their own performance. In the evaluation phase, novice actors can only evaluate superficial aspects of acting, while junior expert actors can evaluate not only superficial, but also sensuous aspects of acting. Moreover, they seemed not to have intention to evaluate or change their performance. At last, educational implications are discussed.

Inpatient nursing is regarded as one of the most challenging professions in Japan. Therefore, an effective nursing induction system for high quality cares is necessary. We analyze nurses' action rules on their provision of nursing cares, and a new supporting system is proposed for the nursing task. Through the experiments in simulated nursing conditions, the system is verified to be highly applicable to nurses' working environments.

This study presents an approach by video camera to embodied expertise of nurses in feeding and swallowing technique for peoples with dysphagia. Two methods are used to collect data: one is the participant observation by video recording and the other is retrospective reports by watching the recorded video. The research participants were three nurses who worked in a short stay. An expert nurse pointed out an angle of the video camera to a researcher. In the narratives, embodied expertise of her was found. And then, the angle of it was modified according as nurses' views. On the other hand, the other nurse's action and conversation changed, nurses around her got wise to her change and responded to her. In this way, the team of nurses became activated. This approach by video camera was significant to clarify what was embodied expertise of nurses and how they acquirement of embodied expertise in supporting feeding and swallowing of peoples with dysphagia.