The authors propose a defect prevention diagram that describes business processes in terms of six aspects: input, output, receiving conditions, resource conditions, exception conditions, and decision conditions. A defect prevention diagram has the advantage that by separating exception conditions from outputs, it is possible to clearly detect and respond to defects and extract knowledge to handle exceptions.In this paper, we present a step-by-step procedure for creating a defect prevention diagram, and proposes a process activity review method using an activity review form based on the six aspects.

Although positive analysis is important for ICT systems especially performance tuning during the operation phase, implementing it in a broad and stable manner remains difficult due to the increasing complexity and technological challenges of the systems. This report examines methods and frameworks that contribute to analyzing various issues, including performance degradation, by drawing on initiatives from the fields of healthcare and others.

Generative AI is a powerful tool with various emerging applications. However, challenges such as hallucinations and lack of domain-specific knowledge remain to be addressed. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been developed as one solution to these challenges. This study focuses on applying RAG to text information. The approach involves splitting text into relatively short chunks, vectorizing them, and enabling fast vector searches. This research reports experimental findings on the impact of chunk length on final accuracy and the influence of ambiguity in the original text.

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have been used in many fields. Some studies have tested LLMs' ability to create UML models and solve difficult exams. However, no study has tested LLMs on UML modeling exams. This study examines how well LLMs can answer questions from the UMTP UML Modeling Certification Exam (UMTP), especially questions about class diagrams. We also explore how ChatGPT can help with learning. We tested ChatGPT-o1 and ChatGPT-4o on UMTP class diagram questions. The results showed that ChatGPT-o1 answered more questions correctly than ChatGPT-4o. We also found that ChatGPT-o1 explained its reasoning step by step. This step-by-step reasoning may not only help in finding correct answers but also provide useful explanations for learning. Based on these results, this paper discusses how to use ChatGPT's reasoning process for learning support and what future research is needed.

Internal completeness of functional requirements is defined by functional exceptions so that defects do not occur within the system.Digitalization, the reconstruction of business processes using digital technology, requires requirement specifications that are consistent with business processes. Such requirement specifications require completeness of requirements from the perspective of the system's operation process, rather than internal completeness of the system's functional requirements.This paper proposes external completeness of such requirements. It also explains a "defect prevention diagram" that can analyze the external completeness of requirements, including business processes. A defect prevention diagram can prevent the occurrence of ad-hoc business processes and prevent business defects based on acceptance conditions, resource conditions, decision conditions, and exception conditions.