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Ikunari Kiryu, Hisatsugu Wakabayashi
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
177-182
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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To determine whether suspended particles adhere to fish, fluorescent latex microspheres, 1μm in diameter, were experimentally administered to rainbow trout fingerlings by bath immersion for 5 minutes. After vital staining in a 0.05% trypan blue solution for 10 minutes, microspheres in the skin and fins were observed in the stained area in a patchy distribution.Histologically, these microspheres were located on the surface of microscopic injuries. It was confirmed by artificial wound experiments that microspheres adhered to the surface of such wounds. By electron microscopy, microspheres were found to adhere to swollen superficial epithelial cells or collagenous matrixes which lack cuticular secretion. In the gills, however, no area stained with trypan blue, but a cluster of microspheres associated with mucus and debris was lodged between the lamellae. We consider that cuticular secretion could prevent particles from adhering to the epidermis of fish.
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Kazuo Momoyama, Midori Hiraoka, Claudia A. Venegas
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
183-188
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Pathogenicity of PRDV, the causative virus of penaeid acute viremia (PAV) of kuruma shrimp Penaeus japonicus, to juveniles of 6 economically important crustacean species was examined by infection trials using intramuscular and oral inoculation methods. All tested juveniles died in 2-7 days post-inoculation, when they were injected intramuscularly with the filtered homogenate of artificially infected P. japonicus. After oral inoculation by arbitrary feeding of infected shrimp tissues, P. japonicus, P. chinensis, P. latisulcatus and Metapenaeus ensis showed high susceptibility to the virus, resulting in high mortalities of 90% or 100%. On the other hand, P. semisulcatus and Portunus trituberculatus were significantly less susceptible to the virus compared to the foregoing 4 species, resulting in lower mortalities of 40%.
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Hisato Matoyama, Masakuni Hoshino, Hisanobu Hosoya
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
189-193
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Since 1996, a new disease, which produces ulcers on the body surface or fins, has become prevalent in major producing areas of colored carp in Japan. Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida was isolated from ulcerative lesions of diseased fish in seven farms in Niigata Prefecture. Bacteriological characteristics of nine isolates were almost the same each other, but different from those of atypical A. salmonicida reported previously from ulcerative disease of goldfish. ln water-born exposure experiments of colored carp with the bacterial cells at a dose of 10
6 cfu/mL, all of the isolates induced high mortalities with formation of ulcerative lesions in the skin and fins.
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Kazuo Ogawa
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
195-201
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Neoheterobothrium hirame sp. nov.is described, based on specimens collected from the buccal cavity wall of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, caught in Wakasa Bay, Japan. The parasite was 14-33 mm in total length, with 4 pairs of clamps on the pedunculated haptor, which was separated from the body proper by a long isthmus. The presence of a pair of peripheral intestinal branches running along both sides of body, in addition to the main pair of medial branches, is described here for the first time.The new species can be distinguished from N. affine (Linton, 1898) --the most closely related species and the type species of the genus--by the relatively large body proper and the shorter isthmus. The taxonomic status of other related species is discussed. The generic diagnosis proposed by Price (1943), Yamaguti (1963) and Mamaev (1987) is emended.
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Keiichi Mushiake, Ken Shimizu, Jun Satoh, Koh-ichiro Mori, Misao Arimo ...
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
203-207
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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In order to prevent penaeid acute viremia (PAV) in seed production of kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus, the presence of penaeid rod-shaped DNA virus (PRDV) in the ovary and receptaculum seminis was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The detection rate of PRDV was always higher in the receptaculum seminis than in the ovary. The prevalence of the virus in the receptaculum seminis became higher after spawning, especially in the spawners that required a longer period to induce spawning. PAV occurred in postlarvae cultured at Kamiura Station of Japan Sea-Farming Association in 1997 when segregation of spawners was made based on the results of PRDV detection from ovaries before spawning, whereas the disease did not occur in 1998 or 1999 when segregation of eggs was performed according to the result of virus detection from the receptaculum seminis after spawning. These results indicate that the selection of eggs should be done in the hatchery based on the results of PCR detection from receptaculum seminis of spawners after spawning.
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Pen Heng Chang, Shu Hwae Lee, Hsien Choung Chiang, Ming Hwa Jong
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
209-210
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Cheng-Fang Chang, Mao-Sen Su, Houng-Yung Chen
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
211-212
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Ken-ichi Watanabe, Mamoru Yoshimizu
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
213-214
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2010
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Susceptibility of 32 fish cell lines against fish nodaviruses from moribund barfin flounder (Verasper moseri, BFNNV), greasy grouper (Epinephelus tauvina, GGNNV) and striped jack (Pseudocaranx dentex, SJNNV) was investigated. Cytopathic effects were observed on SSN-1 cells inoculated with the 3 viruses at 15 or 20°C, and on SBK-2 and SK, both derived from sea bass (Lates calcarifer), inoculated with GGNNV. Viral infectivity of homogenized brain and eye of moribund barfin flounder and Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) juveniles were 10
7.558.55 and 10
6.056.55, respectively and whole bodies of striped jack larvae were 10
8.80>9.80 TCID
50/g.
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Toshio Nakatsugawa, Kazuo Momoyama
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
215-216
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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The disease of Japanese black abalone Nordotis discus discus called amyotrophia due to an unknown filterable agent has been prevailing mainly in juveniles. The difference in susceptibility to the agent of amyotrophia among Japanese black abalone of different ages (0, 1 and 2-year-old) was tested by immersion and intramuscular injection with the filtered (0.45 μm) homogenate prepared from diseased abalones. As the result, abalones of all ages tested were found susceptible to the agent of amyotrophia, although the susceptibility decreased with age of the shellfish.
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Triyanto, Atsuro Kumamaru, Hisatsugu Wakabayashi
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
217-218
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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K. Muroga, Y. Inui, T. Matsusato
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
219-220
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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A workshop entitled “Emerging diseases of cultured marine molluscs in Japan” was held by the Japanese Society of Fish Pathology in Sendai on 25th September 1999. This was aimed to have an overview of the researches on the mass mortality of cultured pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii) occurring in Japan. Prior to the main subject, two diseases, amyotrophia of Japanese black abalone (Nordotis discus discus) and abnormal coloration of adductor muscle in Japanese scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), were presented, both being suspected to be infectious diseases caused by filterable agents. Since 1994 mass mortalities of pearl oyster have occurred in western Japan, giving much economic losses to the pearl culture industry. Various factors such as blooms of toxic dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama, perkinsosis, virus or filterable agent infection, and environmental factors were suspected as causes of the mortality. In the workshop, invited speakers gave talks on the history of pearl oyster culture, results of epizootiological observations, histopathological examinations, microbiological examinations, and infection experiments, and their own views of the etiology of the disease. At present, although the causative virus has not been determined, the viral etiology seems to be most probable, and some environmental parameters such as high water temperature might affect the mass mortality.
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Toshio Nakatsugawa
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
221
Published: December 15, 1999
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Yoshinobu Kosaka, Mamoru Yoshimizu
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
222
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Syoji Funakoshi
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
222a-223
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Tsuneo Morizane
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
223-224
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Ikuo Takami
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
224-225
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Yukihiko Matsuyama
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
225-226
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Kazuma Yoshikoshi
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
226-227
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Kazuhiro Nakajima
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
227
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2010
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Satoru Suzuki
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
228
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Teruo Miyazaki
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
229
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Masami Hamaguchi
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
229a-230
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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Kiyokuni Muroga
1999 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
230-231
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2009
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