Annual Report of The Kansai Plant Protection Society

Studies on chemical control and fungicidal action to plant pathogenic soil fungi. IV. Evaluation of factors for the method in situ,“pot-indicator plant method”. (2).

Yasuo KAWASE, Tomio KINOSHITA, Takio ICHITANI, Minoru TAKAHASHI

1970 Volume 12 Pages 1-6
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_1

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The present paper deals with the further studies on the suitable conditions for the pot-indicator plant method, such as sterilization of soil, drench volume of fungicidal solution, water supply, burying depth of inoculum in soil, and kinds of indicator plant.
For applying the pot-indicator plant method, the following attentions in addition to those reported in previous paper shoul be paid. Soil must be autoclaved to prevent the diseases caused by the associating microorganisms. Water should at first supply in soil to spread fungicial solution uniformly over the soil surface which was filled in the pot. It is advisable to introduce inoculum on soil surface in order to increase pathogenicity, to simplify the assay procedure, and to economize labor. Indicator plant is desirable to be highly susceptible one to the disease with large seeds.

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A strain of turnip mosaic virus isolated from annual stock.

Minoru TAKAHASHI, Takeshi OSAKI, Katsuhiko KUDO, Hiroshi TANAKA

1970 Volume 12 Pages 7-12
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_7

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The virus diseases of annual stock (Mattiola incana) seem to be widespread in various districts. Nevertheless, the causal viruses have not been reported in Japan. This paper deals with the identification of the virus islated from annual stock in Sakai city.
In the host range study, 48 species of plants from 8 families were mechanically inoculated. It is to be noted that all Crucifereces species tested were susceptible to the virus, and they showed systemic infection. Systemic infection was found on additional 21 species of 6 families such as N. glutinosa, Beta vulgaris and Chrysanthemum coronarium. Local lesion occured on N. tabacum, Chenopodium amalanticor, Gomphrena globosa and Vigna catiang. No infaction was found in 7 species including Lycopersicon esculentum, Solamium melongea and Cucumis sativus.
The virus was readily transmitted by the aphid, Myzus persicae, from diseased turnip to healthy turnips. The thermal inactivation points of the virus laid between 55~60°C. for 10 minutes, the dilution end point was between 10-3-2x10-4, and longevity in vitro was 48 hours at room temperature. Electron micrograph showed sinuous rod-shaped particles with the average length of 750~800mμ.
It is supposed on the bases of host range, symptomatology, transmission, physical properties and morphology of the particles that the virus belangs to cabbage strain of turnip mosaic virus group which has been reported by Yoshii (1962), and it is considered that the virus would be identified as the cabbage black ring virus described by Walker et al. (1945).

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On the Mixing of Pesticides for Citrus Pest Control

(1) Relation between the Flocculation in the Mixture and Spray Injury on Citrus Plant

Shoji YAMAMOTO

1970 Volume 12 Pages 13-22
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_13

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The present paper has been reported on the relation between the flocculation caused by mixing fungicides with insecticides and their spray in jury upon citrus plants.
1) In the mixed suspension of fungicides and insecticides, the more flocculation appeared the denser deposit (O.5mm or more in diameter), and frequently the floating materials appeared on surface of the suspension.
2) Heavy deposits in the mixture were observed in the following insecticide-fungicide combinations; a mixture of Difolatan with Orange machine (Machine oil emulsion), Ekatin (Thiometon), Kilvar (Vamidothion), Malathon (Malathion), Amicphos (DAEP), Maitomate (Amido-Thioate) Azomite (PPPS, Azoxibenzene), and Omaite (BPPS) with each other; a mixture of Delan (Dithianon) with Malathon, Amiphos, Maitomate and Azomite with each other.
3) Severe in juries occurred on the young leaves and fruits of Satsuma mandarin in the case of spraying the mixture with heavy deposits or dense flocculalion. The mixture of Difolatan and insecticides, however, caused a lot in jury event though the flocks slightly cccurred.

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Some observations on the infection of Plasmodiophora brassicae WORONIN in root hair of Cruciferae plants.

Kiichi KATSURA, Morio TAMURA, Noboru YAMAGUCHI

1970 Volume 12 Pages 23-29
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_23

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The process of root hair infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae WORONIN was investigated as a facet of club root formation in Cruciferous plants. As the results of the inoculation tests with resting spores of the fungus to Cruciferous plants, i. e. 15 species of Brassica and 5 species of Raphanus, showed thad the seedling of Brassica rapa L., c. v. Kanamachi-kokabu was the most appreciate host plant for the present investigation, that the seedlings of Kanamachi-kokabu were used throughout the experiments.
The inoculated root hairs were stained for 12 hrs. with 2% aceto-carmine or 0.2% cotton blue. Inoculation tests with resting spores to the seeds and seedlings of different ages, showed that plasmodium in the root hairs were formed 2-3 days after inoculation, followed by the differentiation of zoosporangia from the plasmodium within one more day. The zoospolangial germination as checked by the appearance of empty zoosporangia, is then began within 1-2 more days later.
Each zoosporangium formed in the root hairs differentiated 4-5 zoospores. There were two basically different ways of zoospore liberation from zoosporangia: one is the way to the deep inside in the root hair and the other into the soil through the open hole of sporangium and its contacted cell wall of the root hair. The way of the former was reported by Cook and SCHWARTZ⁵⁾ and the way of the latter by BESSEY²⁾.
Some photographs presented in this paper clearly shows the process of zoosporangial differentiation in plasmodium and the existence of a hole in cell wall of the root hair. At the site where the hole of germinated zoosporangia attached firmly.

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Life history of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella in Aichi-prefecture.

Norimitsu OSAKI, Tetsu ASAYAMA

1970 Volume 12 Pages 30-34
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_30

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Damage to cruciferous plants by the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) has increased greatly in recent years in Aichi-prefecture. Studies were made in 1967 to 1969 on its biology, particularly, effects of temperature on the development of the P. xylostella. Results were as follows:
1). The P. xylostella populations were most abundant in early summer, much higher in fall and marked decrease in winter in cabbage plantations.
2). The average duration from egg to adult was 33 days at 16°C, 20 days at 20°C, 14 days at 24°C and 10 days at 32°C respectively.
3). The moulting numbers of the larvae were four. It seemed that temperature do not play a change of moulting numbers.
4). The developmental zero points were 7.22°C for the larvae, 9.77°C for the pupae, and the total effective temperatures were calculated as 144.93 and 86.96 day degrees respectively.
5). The longevities of adults were 13 to 26 days at 16°C, 10 to 14 days at 20°C, 5 to 10 days at 24°C and 3 to 6 days at 32°C respectively.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1970 Volume 12 Pages 35-39
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_35

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1970 Volume 12 Pages 39-40
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_39

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1970 Volume 12 Pages 41-42
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_41

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[title in Japanese]

1970 Volume 12 Pages 43-60
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_43

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[title in Japanese]

1970 Volume 12 Pages 61-90
Published: February 01, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.12.0_61

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