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I. Relationship between injury by rice leaf blast and color indices derived from natural color image
Kenji Chiwaki, Gen Kanadani, Fukusaburo Tanaka
1999 Volume 41 Pages
3-10
Published: May 07, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012
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Natural color photographs were taken from a radio controlled helicopter over rice plants injured by rice leaf blast in 1995~' 97. Digital image data at red (R), green (G) and blue (B) bands were obtained from color slides by image analyzer (8-bits). Rice plants injured by rice leaf blast were investigated in each experimental plot before photographing. Mean number of lesions per hill and mean ratio of lesion area to total leaf area were measured for each plot as injury indices. Nineteen color indices were calculated for each plot from the color images. Results of correlation analysis between color and injury indices showed that a color index (G-R)/(G+R) was best correlated with the degree of injury.
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Kimiharu Inagaki, Akihisa Uyeda, Minoru Shimizu, Eiko Sakai, Minako It ...
1999 Volume 41 Pages
11-16
Published: May 07, 1999
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Lesions caused by
Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae on the leaf sheath of manshurian wild rice (
Zizania latifolia Turcz.) varied in size from 1.3 to 4.5 cm long and from 0.4 to 1.0 cm wide. The lesions were fusiform to oblong, frequently coalesced, and ashcoloured with brown to dark brown beltshaped margins. The fungus, whose sclerotia are 638.9-775.2μm in diameter (major axis), grew well at 27 to 35°C and pH 5 to 8, and the best at 32°C and pH 7.
R. oryzae-sativae derived from manshurian wild rice resembled closely to the fungus from rice plants as to these cultural characteristics. Moreover, the respective fungi from 2 different host plants produced almost the same type lesions on the leaf sheath of manshurian wild rice and rice plants, when inoculated alone. It was assumed that
R. oryzae-sativae which causes rice brown sclerotium disease in paddy field is possible to induce the same disease on manshurian wild rice growing around the field.
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Masaharu Kubota, Kazuo Abiko
1999 Volume 41 Pages
17-22
Published: May 07, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012
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In a vegetable seedling nursery in Mie Prefecture, Japan, buds or hypocotyl of some cabbage plug seedlings wilted or rotted in 1997 and 1998.
Fusarium spp. were isolated from the infected parts of the diseased seedlings. Three of the 6 isolates were identified as
Fusarium avenaceum (Corda: Fries) Saccardo according to the Booth's classification system, and others were identified as
Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Ray. in Berkeley. After cabbage seedlings were sprayed with conidial suspensions of the isolates of
F. avenaceum, discolored lesions covered with white aerial mycelium were produced from the edge of cotyledons of 13-50%of the inoculated seedlings. Black or discolored spots were also produced in almost cotyledons of the inoculated seedlings. After cabbage seedlings were sprayed with conidial suspensions of the
F. semitectum isolates, discolored lesions similar
F. avenaceum to those caused by
F. avenaceum, were produced in cotyledons of 3-9%of the inoculated seedings. But spot symptoms were not produced by
F. semitectum, Macroconidia formed on the diseased cotyledons were recognized as those of the inoculated species according to the morphologies. We propose
F. avenaceum and
F. semitectum as pathogens of cabbage bud blight.
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Emiko Yanase, Shin-ichi Nakatsuka
1999 Volume 41 Pages
23-26
Published: May 07, 1999
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AK-toxin I (1) is the major host specific toxin produced by Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype causing black spot disease in Japanese pear. We studied for AK-toxin productivity of the pathogenic fungus in the presence of β-methylpheylalanine (3). By addition of 3ab (threo and erythro mixture), 3a (threo) or 3b (erythro) to a culture fluid of the pathogenic fungus, productivity of the toxin was reduced to 35%. Unnatural erythro (3b) was more effective than threo (3a) in 10~100ppm.
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Takashi Yamauchi, Koji Tsuchida, Hironori Sakurai
1999 Volume 41 Pages
27-32
Published: May 07, 1999
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We studied the cause of brown spots on spathe of ornamental plant
Spathyphyllum patinii on artificially air conditioned glasshouses. The dominant thrips species observed on traps was
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, constituting more than 60%of trapped adults. Thrips were trapped most frequently in June during our survey. Adult thrips were less frequently trapped at two locations in glasshouses where was the farthest points from un-weaved cloth filter, through which air stream is introduced into the glasshouses. We found only adult thrips and never saw the immature stage (larva and pupa) on plants. There was significantly more number of adults on spadix than the other parts of the plants, and at middle stage of influorecense than the other stages. Oviposition on spathe by
F. intonsa in laboratory condition generated brown spots, which was almost the same as observed symptom in glasshouses, indicating that scars of oviposition by
F. intonsa caused brown spots, which was almost the same mechanism causing white swelling spots on tomato.
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Hayato Horinouchi, Yoshihiro Taguchi, Hiroshi Hagiwara, Satoshi Izutsu
1999 Volume 41 Pages
33-38
Published: May 07, 1999
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In 1998, stem and leaf spot of Kalanchoe were occurred at commercial growers glass houses in Gifu city.
Myrothecium sp. isolated from diseased plants was demonstrated as the causal agent. Inoculation tests showed the causal fungus had pathogenicity to tomato, spathiphyllum, diefenbakia and vinca plants. Based on morhorogical, cultural and pathological characters, the causal fungus was identified as
Myrothecium roridum Tode: Fries. Among eight fungicides tested, bitertanol WP and kresoximmethyl WP controled the disease.
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Satoshi Kono, Masahiro Taira, Hisanori Tanaka
1999 Volume 41 Pages
39-44
Published: May 07, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 29, 2012
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Compatibility of occurrence of peaks between the actual and estimated one of turf pests, Lawn Cutworm;
Spodoptera depravata Butler and Blue grass webworm;
Pediasia teterrellus Zincken was investigated. From light-trap data, Lawn cutworm has almost 3 generations in a year, except for the year with a hot summer. On the other hand, Blue grass webworm has exactly 3 generations in a year. The peaks of three generations of Lawn cutworm were observed to be in the middle of May to early June, throughout January and early August to early September respectively. In case of Blue grass webworm, adult occurrence peaks were observed in the middle of May to middle June, middle of July to early August and middle of August to early September. Simulated peaks were varied among corrective turf temperatures assumed to be 0.5°C, 1.0°C or 1.5°C higher than the air temperature. Fitting percentage of peaks between the actual and estimated ones was 30.0% in Lawn cutworm and 38.1% in Bluegrass webworm under turf temperature assumed to be 1.0°C higher than the air temperature. For most generations, the simulated peaks were close to the actual peaks by ±5 days.
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Katsutoshi Kuroda, Akira Tomikawa
1999 Volume 41 Pages
45-46
Published: May 07, 1999
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Tomohiko Nakano
1999 Volume 41 Pages
47-48
Published: May 07, 1999
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Satoshi T. Ohki, Mizue Tachikawa, Motoaki Tojo, Takeshi Osaki
1999 Volume 41 Pages
49-50
Published: May 07, 1999
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Kazuhisa Tsuda, Yoshitaka Kosaka, Gento Tsuji, Seiji Tsuge, Yasuyuki K ...
1999 Volume 41 Pages
51-52
Published: May 07, 1999
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Survival period of the adults under starvation at various temperatures.
Kenji Koyama
1999 Volume 41 Pages
53-54
Published: May 07, 1999
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Koji Hamuro, Manabu Shibao
1999 Volume 41 Pages
55-56
Published: May 07, 1999
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Tomoo Hondo, Rie Okada, Hiroshi Tanaka, Manabu Shibao, Tsuyoshi Sugimo ...
1999 Volume 41 Pages
57-58
Published: May 07, 1999
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Manabu Shibao, Naoki Mizobuchi, Hiroki Okazaki, Hiroshi Tanaka
1999 Volume 41 Pages
59-60
Published: May 07, 1999
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Hiroshi Tanaka, Wang Zou, Manabu Shibao
1999 Volume 41 Pages
61-62
Published: May 07, 1999
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Yumiko Taniyama, Minoru Negoro, Norihito Onomoto, Toshio Moriya, Kiyos ...
1999 Volume 41 Pages
63-64
Published: May 07, 1999
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Shoichi Kobayashi, Norihito Onomoto, Minoru Negoro, Hirohiko Okada, Ma ...
1999 Volume 41 Pages
65-66
Published: May 07, 1999
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Reiko Shonai, Hiroshi Hagiwara, Masaharu Kubota, Satoshi Izutsu
1999 Volume 41 Pages
67-68
Published: May 07, 1999
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Sakae Kubota
1999 Volume 41 Pages
69-70
Published: May 07, 1999
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A product of
Beauveria bassiana was sprayed on larvae of
Thrips palmi on leaves. The larvae falling down for pupation were collected and incubated in a lab. at 25°C. Mortality of the larvae was very low. It was considered that molting before the completion of infection of the fungus caused the low effectiveness by the treatment.
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Hiromichi NITTA
1999 Volume 41 Pages
71-72
Published: May 07, 1999
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Akio Tatara, Yukio Kosugi, Tazuko Onikubo
1999 Volume 41 Pages
73-74
Published: May 07, 1999
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Hiroshi Tanaka, Kazuki Morimoto, Manabu Shibao, Yoshitsugu Nasu
1999 Volume 41 Pages
75-76
Published: May 07, 1999
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Yoshitsugu Nasu, Shoichi Kobayasi, Manabu Shibao, Hiroshi Tanaka
1999 Volume 41 Pages
77-78
Published: May 07, 1999
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Yoshitsugu Nasu, Hiroshi Tanaka, Junichi Negoro, Yutaka Yoshiyasu
1999 Volume 41 Pages
79-80
Published: May 07, 1999
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Mitsuo Kawaradani, Kazuhiro Sarashi
1999 Volume 41 Pages
81-82
Published: May 07, 1999
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Masaharu Kubota, Masayashi Ishii, Kazuo Abiko
1999 Volume 41 Pages
83-84
Published: May 07, 1999
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Damping off of sneezeweed (
Helenium autumnale L.) and torch lily (
Kniphofia×
hybrida hort.) were found in Mie Prefecture, Japan in 1996. On the soil around the diseased plants, sclerotia of
Sclerotium rolfsii Sacardo were formed. The isolated
S. rolfsii had pathogenicities to original host plants. Diseases of torch lily and sneezeweed caused by
S. rolfsii were first found in Japan. So we proposed to designate the diseases as southern blight of torch lily and sneezeweed. Optimum temperatures for growth of
S. rolfsii, which were isolated from torch lily and sneezeweed, were 30°C, and damping off of tomato seedling by each isolate rapidly occurred on 25, 30 and 35°C.
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Toshihiko Shoji, Hiroshi Hagiwara, Satoshi Izutsu
1999 Volume 41 Pages
85-86
Published: May 07, 1999
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Akio Tatara, Masayuki Togawa, Makoto Doi, Kimiichi Ishii, Kouki Ohta
1999 Volume 41 Pages
87-88
Published: May 07, 1999
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Masaharu Kubota, Kazuo Abiko
1999 Volume 41 Pages
89-90
Published: May 07, 1999
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In a vegetable seedling nursery in Mie prefecture, Japan, diseases of cabbage plug seedlings were investigated in January to April 1998. Damping off by
Pythium megalacanthum de Bary frequently occurred. In some cases
Alternaria brassicicola (Schweinitz) Wiltshire involved in damping off, and the damage got large with temperature raise. Downy mildew by
Peronospora parasitica (Persoon: Fries) Fries hit leaves, since the highest temperature in each day exceed 15°C. Damping off by other pathogens was very few.
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1999 Volume 41 Pages
91
Published: May 07, 1999
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[in Japanese]
1999 Volume 41 Pages
94-101
Published: May 07, 1999
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1999 Volume 41 Pages
102-108
Published: May 07, 1999
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1999 Volume 41 Pages
109-112
Published: May 07, 1999
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1999 Volume 41 Pages
113-116
Published: May 07, 1999
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