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Kimiharu INAGAKI, Yoshihiro ISOMURA, Toyohiro NAKAGAWA, Mutsumi MATSUI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
1-5
Published: May 01, 1992
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In a western rice growing area of Aichi Prefecture in central Japan, five rice scletotial diseases, i. e., sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (AG 1, IA) and 4 sheath blight-like diseases caused by R. solani (AG 2-2, III B), R. oryzae Ryker et Gooch, Sclerotium fumigatum Nakata and S. oryzae-sativae Sawada, were comparatively surveyed for 3 years from 1989 to 1991 concerning outbreak of the diseases in paddy fields of early (ESC) and normal (NSC) season culture. In NSC fields, numerous outbreaks of sheath blight and 2 diseases caused by S. oryzae-sativae and S. fumigatum were detected at maturation (full ripe-stage) of rice plants. In ESC fields, on the other hand, sheath blight and bordered sheath spot caused by R. oryzae were frequently detected at maturation (milk ripe-to yellow ripe-stage), but 2 diseases caused by S. oryzae-sativae and S. fumigatum, especially the latter, were less frequently observed. In the course of rice growth phases from the internode elongation- (July 3) to the yellow ripe-stage (Aug. 7), intermittent surveys concerning disease development at intervals of 11-12 days in 3 ESC fields indicated that initial outbreaks of bordered sheath spot and the disease caused by S. oryzae-sativae occur at the phase from the internode elongation to the heading-stage and from the heading-to the milk ripe-stage, respectively.
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Satoru FUJIOKA, Wataru FUKUDA, Hiroshi KITANO, Norihiro TANIGAWA, Sato ...
1992 Volume 34 Pages
7-10
Published: May 01, 1992
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Densities of Thrips palmi KARNY on eggplant leaves were investigated before and after planting of seedlings in 273 plastic houses in the Minamikawachi district of Osaka Prefecture. There was positive correlation between the densities before and after planting which means that effective control before planting suppresses the occurrence of this species after planting. The investigation also showed that mulching ridges with polyvinyl film improved the effects of insecticide spraying.
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Motoaki TOJO, Eiko NAKAZONO, Kazuhiko HOTTA, Takio ICHITANI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
11-16
Published: May 01, 1992
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Seasonal variations of Pythium spp. in field soil were investigated by an indexing method using spinach seedlings, a baiting method using oven-disinfected cucumber seeds and a soil-dilution plate method. VP
3 medium was used for all of the above methods. Using the indexing method, P. ultimum was usually detected in all seasons except summer, and the percentage of isolation was highest in winter and lowest in spring. P. spinosum and P. aphanidermatum were found most abundantly in spring and summer. Using the baiting method, P. ultimum was also detected in all seasons except summer, whereas P. spinosum was mainly found in spring and fall. The kinds of Pythium spp. found on the dilution plate were similar to those found using the other methods but the ratio of each species varied with the isolation method used. Various kinds of Pythium spp. were recorded in summer, but a few species in winter. Propagule density of Pythium spp. increased from winter to spring but decreased from summer to fall. The origin of the propagules could easily be traced on VP
3 medium. More than 40% of the propagules traced on VP
3 medium were oospores in all seasons. The percentage of sporangia increased in soil from winter to summer with temperature increase. The percentage of hypha decreased in winter and also in summer with an increase of associated bacteria on the medium.
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Hatiro IKEGAMI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
17-28
Published: May 01, 1992
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1. A modified MS medium presented in a previous paper
3) was used as the standard medium for the present study, and explants and infected callus tissues were cultured under a light condition at 25°C. As the culture time increased from 10 to 40 days in the primary culture, an explant tissue from club on turnip root changed from light yellow to yellowish brown and brown, and an infected callus tissue from an explant tissue turned from white to light yellow, yellowish brown and brown. In the light condition of the slowly browning progress in both explant and infected callus tissues, the callus growth was better than in a dark condition.
2. Parasite growth within the callus cells in four parts of an infected callus tissue occurred from an explant tissue at 20-day-old culture. It was observed during various growth rates from a small plasmodium to a resting spore mass, and distribution of parasite-containing cells was found throughout the callus tissue. The parasite-containing cells in the infected callus tissue at 20-day-old culture were recognized to be mostly plasmodia and the resting spore-containing cells increased to a majority at 35 and 50 days. The percentage of parasite-containing callus cells was 10-16% in these days. The plasmodium-containing cells at 20-day-old culture were 92% and the resting spore-containing cells increased about half at 40 and 60 days. The number of resting spores in the infected callus tissue at 50-day-old culture was about 1/10 or less than that in old clubs. The resting spores in the infected callus tissue were few at 20-day-old culture and were obviously much more in number at 40 and 60 days. The callus-produced resting spores in these days were 10
7-10
8 per gram of fresh weight.
3. In terms of pathogenicity, in the callus-produced resting spores at 50-day-old culture and the club-produced ones, the infected root hairs increased as the inoculum densities rose in 10
3, 10
5 and 10
7 resting spores per gram of dry soil, but these were more infected in club-produced ones. Root hair infection and disease development with club formation were mostly similar in both the 10
5 callus-produced resting spore and the 10
3 club-produced resting spore. The zoosporangial masses in root hairs on taproot with callus-produced resting spores at 20-, 40- and 60-day-old culture were most numerous at 60 days. The zoosporangial masses with 10
3, 10
4 and 10
5 densities of callus-produced resting spores at 60 days were 1/3, 1/3 and 1/5 of those with the same three concentrations of club-produced resting spores, respectively. The infected callus tissues in 65- and 75-day-old cultures were stored 65 and 125 days at -20°C. The zoosporangial masses with resting spores in these frozen callus tissues increased as the inoculum densities of 10
3, 10
4 and 10
5 rose and that of 10
5 was about 1/2 of the 10
4 of the club-produced resting spore. When the infected callus tissues at 65- and 75-day-old cultures were stored 65, 125 and 180 days at -20°C, club formation with
3
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Masahiro TAIRA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
29
Published: May 01, 1992
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Masahiro NAKAI, Toshihiro SUNAIKE, Kazunori YAMANO, Yoshinobu HAKUI, M ...
1992 Volume 34 Pages
30
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Minoru ISHII
1992 Volume 34 Pages
31-32
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Tooru KITAGAMI, Norihide OHKUBO, Toshio YAMAMOTO
1992 Volume 34 Pages
33-34
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Kenji KOYAMA, Masaharu MATSUI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
35-36
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Masahiko MORISHITA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
37-38
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Yuzuru UEBAYASHI, Kengo YAMADA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
39-40
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Manabu SHIBAO, Norihiro TANIGAWA, Junichi NEGORO, Hiroshi TANAKA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
41-42
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Norio YASUDOMI, Sigekazu WAKISAKA, Noriharu UMETSU
1992 Volume 34 Pages
43-44
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Masanori YAMAMOTO, Atsushi KONDO, Yasuhiro HIRAI, Yasuo IWASAKI, Toshi ...
1992 Volume 34 Pages
45-46
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Hiroshi TANAKA, Naoki MIZOBUCHI, Shin-ichi KOHSAKA, Manabu SHIBAO, Mas ...
1992 Volume 34 Pages
47-48
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Toshiharu HIROSE, Junya YASE, Hisanori TANAKA, Satoshi KONO, Ryoichi O ...
1992 Volume 34 Pages
49-50
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Furumi KOMAI, Yoshitsugu NASU, Yang-Seop BAE
1992 Volume 34 Pages
51-52
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Masaharu MATSUI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
53-54
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Katunori AOKI, Tugio SHIMOHATA, Yasuhiro NOMURA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
55
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Hideo YAMADA, Kiyoshi TANAKA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
56
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Hiroshi TAKAKI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
57-58
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Kazumasa MAEKAWA, Yoshirou FUJITA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
59-60
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Itsuo TANAHASHI, Tugio SHIMOHATA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
61
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Toshihiro HAGIHARA, Tomohiko NAKANO, Ken'o OKAYAMA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
62
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Yoshihiko MASUDA, Hiromi IEMURA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
63-64
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Jun-ichi MATSUMOTO, Satoshi T. OHKI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
65-66
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Hiromi IEMURA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
67-68
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Satoshi T. OHKI, Yoh FUKUMOTO, Ken-ichi KOBAYASHI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
69-70
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Ken'o OKAYAMA, Tomohiko NAKANO, Toshihiro HAGIHARA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
71-72
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Kiyotsugu OKADA, Toshiyuki SUZUKI, Shin-ichi KUSAKARI, Shinroku Morita
1992 Volume 34 Pages
73
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Masataka AINO, Masahiro TAKEGAWA, Ihori SAKAMOTO
1992 Volume 34 Pages
74
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Nobuo TEZUKA, Masayoshi ISHII, Seizo HORIUCHI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
75-76
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Mamoru SATOU, Masayoshi ISHII, Fumiyoshi FUKUMOTO
1992 Volume 34 Pages
77-78
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Motoaki TOJO, Kazuhiko HOTTA, Takio ICHITANI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
79-80
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Pre-incubation periods of dilution plate method using VP
3medium for seasonal survey of Pythium spp. in vegetable field soil have been examined. Pythium colonies have mostly been recovered by pre-incubation on the medium for each 60 in winter, 36 in spring, and 24 hr in summer and fall. These pre-incubation periods have been suitable for tracing propagule origins and for their isolation.
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Motoaki TOJO, Takio ICHITANI
1992 Volume 34 Pages
81-82
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Soil-dispersion method was compared with baiting method and soil-dilution method for lower limits of qualitative detection of Pythium spp. from lightly infested soils. The three methods were conducted on VP
3medium. Soil-dispersion method was found to be a most effective but a least laborious.
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Buried Mycelial String Method for the Detection of Phytophthora Suppressive Ability of Soil.
Yoshio MIYATA, Sahoko IKEGAWA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
83-84
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Tomohiko NAKANO, Toshihiro HAGIHARA, Ken'o OKAYAMA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
85-86
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Shin-ichi MASUI, Masayuki TOGAWA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
87-88
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Kou SHIMAZU, Natsumi KANEO, Shuji KIMURA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
89-90
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Kazuhiko YAMAKAWA
1992 Volume 34 Pages
91-92
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Abnormal Flower Formation of Japan Cedar by Artificial Acid Rain and the Prevention by Cray Spraying.
Yoshio MIYATA, Kumiko YUMISE
1992 Volume 34 Pages
93-94
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1992 Volume 34 Pages
95-105
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1992 Volume 34 Pages
106-114
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1992 Volume 34 Pages
115-122
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[in Japanese]
1992 Volume 34 Pages
123-126
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1992 Volume 34 Pages
127-131
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