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Tetsushiro YAMAKAWA
1984 Volume 26 Pages
1-8
Published: May 01, 1984
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The effect of pollen on the infection with the conidia of
Botrytis cinerea, a pathogen of the gray mold disease of fruit Vegetables, was examined.
The germination of the conidia of
Botrytis cinerea, and appressorial formation were greatly promoted when the pollens were added to the suspension of conidia. The incidence of wound invasion also increased as the concentration of pollen increase. Water and ethanol extracts of the pollen increased the rate of germination of conidia and promoted formation of appressoria.
Analysis of the pollen of strawberry and eggplant revealed a high content of glucose and fructose,and a high content of proline, glutamic acid and serine. The rate of germination of conidia and the elongation of the germ tube of conidia were affected clearly both by sugar and amino acid. Serine promoted the formation of appressoria. The invasion of conidium into cellophane and the leaf of eggplant in the presence of glucose was increased by the addition of amino acids, especially by the addition of serine.
Judging from these results, pollen are presumed to influence great effect on the invasion of Botrytis cinerea according to the mutual effect of its sugars and amino acids.
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Takashi NAIKI, Souichi KITAZAWA
1984 Volume 26 Pages
9-14
Published: May 01, 1984
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A modification of BUCZACKI and OCKENDON's method was satisfactory for extracting of resting spores of
Plasmodiophora brassicae from soil. In the extracting process of resting spores from soil described by BUCZACKI and OCKENDON (Fig. 1), replacing the steps of filteration of the soil suspension through 4 layers of muslin, followed by centrifugation of the filterates by wet-sieving method through 500-, 125-, 74- and 37 μm mesh sieves to remove course organic matters and grits was more successful than BUCZACKI and OCKENDON's method. Efficency of recovery of resting spores from the artificially inoculated soil was about 95.0±2.0%. The naturally infested soils where severe symptoms of clubroot developed contained more than 10
6 resting spores/g dry soil, but the number of spores obtained from the field treated with calcium hydroxide and pentachloronitrobenzen (PCNB) prior to cropping was less at 10
5 /g dry soil. Other methods tried in this study, such as floatation methods using various chemical solutions with different specific gravities, sucrose density gradients and a double layers centrifugation technique were not useful for separating resting spores from fine soil particles.
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Toru SHIMOMURA, Yuko OHASHI
1984 Volume 26 Pages
15-21
Published: May 01, 1984
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Infection of _??_?Samsun NN_??_? tobacco with TMV is followed by the appearance of necrotic local lesions on the leaves at the sites of infection and restriction of the virus to the living cells adjacent to the lesions. Systemic resistance to further infection by TMV also develops and this is associated with the appearance of soluble proteins not present in healthy tobacco leaves. These pathogenesis-related proteins were produced in the leaves of _??_?Samsun NN_??_? tobacco which had been made resistant to TMV infection by treatment with certain chemicals such as polyacrylic acid, salicylic acid, acetyl salicylic acid, benzoic acid and poly I: C. The correlation between the development of systemic resistance by infection with TMV or by treatment with chemicals and the presence of the pathogenesis-related proteins were investigated.
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Hirofumi KOBATAKE
1984 Volume 26 Pages
23-28
Published: May 01, 1984
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This paper deals with the results of field experiments on the occurrence of spotted wilt disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and its vector thrips,
Thrips setosus MOULTON, together with the results of field trials to control the disease by insecticides.
The disease was often found to occur at Gojo and Uda in Nara Prefecture. Nearby the tomato fields, in which the prevalent occurrence of the disease was observed, naturally grown
Sonchus oleraceus, L. and
Crepis japonica BENTH. with necrotic symptoms or the dahlia fields infested with TSWV was commonly found at Gojo or Uda, respectively.
Thrips setosus was found commonly in tomato fields and accumulated heavily on the edge of the fields till mid-June, and then gradually spread downwind into the fields.
The peak of the thrips population was usually found during mid-June-late June in the tomato fields. The occurrence of the thrips decreased remarkably by heavy rain during late June-early July, especially in 1978. But the occurrence of the thrips increased again from early July, especially in 1977 which it was a rainless season.
The earliest occurrence of the disease was usually found on the edge of the field in early June, and then the number of infected tomato plants tended rapidly to increase around the earliest infected tomatoes during July. Thus, the incidence of the disease was closely correlated with the population of the thrips on tomatoes during July.
Application of Acephate (Orthoran), an organic insecticide, to the soil or on the foliage, especially after mid-June, was found effective to decrease the occurrence and spread of the disease.
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Yukio TAGAMI, Akira TOMIKAWA, Toshio YAMAMOTO, Naoe KATAGIRI, Keisuke ...
1984 Volume 26 Pages
29-32
Published: May 01, 1984
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Stem canker caused by
Alternaria alternata occurred in 1977 on the tomato cultivars, First and its derivatives, which are the most popular cultivars for glasshouse production of tomato in Japan. The causal fungus in Japan was identified as that of
A. alternata, previously known only in United State of America, on the bases of host-specific toxin (named AL-toxin) production. The Japanese fungus produced AL-toxin which had the same chromatographic behavior and affected the same tomato cultivars as reported for American fungus. Thus, the Japanese and American fungi were the same distinct pathotype (tomato pathotype) of
A. alternata, which was pathogenic only to certain cultivars of tomato.
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Kenji KAWAMOTO, Tatsuo KOSHIHARA
1984 Volume 26 Pages
33-35
Published: May 01, 1984
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The cabbage webworm,
Hellula undalis F., is one of the notorious pests on cruciferous vegetables grown from summer until autumn in the central and western parts of Japan. The present paper deals with irregular growth of daikon,
Raphanus sativus L., in the later growing stage caused by the attack of matured larvae of the cabbage webworm.
The cabbage webworm larvae were found to injure the growing points of daikon plants, which induced the dead heart not only in the early growing stage but also in the middle one. Around some of the dead hearts of daikon plants brought about in the middle growing stage, irregular growth of some lateral buds began, resulting in the thick growth of leaves. It is thought that such irregular growth of leaves damages the shape of daikon, which affects their quality in the market. It is, therefore, necessary to pay attention to the damage of daikon by the cabbage webworm.
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[in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
37-41
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
45
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
47
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
48
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
49
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
50
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
51
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
52
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
53
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
54
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
55
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
56-57
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1984 Volume 26 Pages
58
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
60
Published: May 01, 1984
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
61
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
62
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
63
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
64
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
65
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
66
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[in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
67
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
68
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
69
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[in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
70
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1984 Volume 26 Pages
71-75
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1984 Volume 26 Pages
76-82
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1984 Volume 26 Pages
83-88
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
89-93
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 26 Pages
94-98
Published: May 01, 1984
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