As information communication technologies advance, many educators and technologists have been attracted by the constructivist educational theory. In this paper, the author describes to compare epistemologies between positivism and constructivism, and analyze teaching／learning theories based on the constructivism. The new education based on the constructivism changes not only the ways of teaching／learning practices, but also educational assessments and research methodologies, even wider social systems.

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Communicative English learning aims at helping learners to hear and read as much English as possible, and thus to learn a lot of English by heart. English lessons at schools are not enough. In the last couple of years, universities themselves are engaged in rebuilding English curriculum in a more effective way. Yet, self−teaching out of class is still necessary. The CALL System will play a very good role in helping learners in that direction.

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This paper proposes a new educational model, ‘gogaku−goshu‘ or ‘Knowledge achievement by mutual learning & teaching‘, and discusses the meaning of it. Firstly, some real cases in a professional education program for leading−edge experts are introduced. Secondly, new trends in adult education is examined as the back ground of this model. Then the traditional model of ‘knowledge transfer‘ is questioned and is concluded not suitable for the advanced education for leading−edge professionals, while new model ‘knowledge achievement by mutual learning＆ teaching‘ can be regarded as the most appropriate one for that kind of education. Finally, future possibility of this new model is discussed.

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We used a real−time classroom assessment system using Web on a lecture subject and analyzed classroom assessment data which we collected. There was no significant difference about the number of evaluation input characters in a free description formula between when a web−enabled cell phone was used, and a personal computer was used. In the evaluation value selection input item, the input time was long when a cellular phone was used compared with the case where a personal computer is used. These result indicated that the evaluation input of the free description formula by the web−enabled cell phone is also effective. But it was suggested that an evaluation value selection input interface by the web−enabled cell phone needs to be improved.

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In this paper, the relation by the process to solve problems and three targets of information education is first considered, and followed by systematization and formulation of information education in integrated studies in elementary school. Furthermore, the effectiveness is verified through lesson practices. In order to appropriately choose information means, it is important to cultivate various viewpoints based on the characteristic and the important matter of information means. Then, it is shown that systematic and formulated instruction which three informational targets are related is effective. From the lesson practices, to cultivate the ability to chooses information means, it is verified that experience how to learn, exchange, and reflection are also effective.

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This paper explains about the Japanese language processing software tool, which is modified for educational use.In the field of Japanese language education, reliance on human resources in producing learning materials is an inefficient one. The tool helps teachers and learners draw appropriate learning materials from corpus effectively.Applying software reuse methodology in the development, the author explored the area of language learning and pedagogy to redefine its educational needs including methodology, procedure, and technique. The author qualifies the functional changes of the tool in contrast with the pre and post modified versions.The application introduced aims at improving the costly process of creating Japanese language learning materials.

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Today there is a growing call for making the most of IT in education, but stress and value tend to be placed too much on glamorous achievements of IT education, such as formation of learning communities on−line and advantages of e−Learning.At the same time, however, a large number of “IT refugees” has been produced continuously. The true nature of this problem has as yet been scarcely addressed, and left behind as it is.In order to relieve those “IT refugees,” it is essential to（1）re−identify lecture−related time and space as “social space for learning,” and（2） reconstruct it with a concept beyond the traditional “vertically−divided IT armchair study.”This article is intended to discuss important points in making lectures in the IT−age useful and meaningful, by reviewing the situation where the majority of Japanese university students are in, identifying problems today's university education is faced with, and examining the decade−long experience of the Semminar on social reserch under the guidance of Amano.

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Unicode and XML（eXtensible Markup Language），two technologies that have recently become available to PC users, are greatly beneficial for researchers who handle non−Roman script texts regularly. Although Unicode has been popularlized because of its claim to provide a multi−lingual environment, it can be also used as universal means of transliteration of non−Roman scripts. XML allows the user to electronically preserve transliterated texts（as well as non−Roman scripts）in plain text format, while retaining the structure of the text. In this paper the author, using as example a transliteration of an Old Javanese text, discusses the merits of the two technologies, demonstrates a way to combine them to publish a transliterated text on a Web site, and argues that the combination has great potential for preserving, exchanging and publishing non−Roman script texts.

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When Web pages on the Internet are used as teaching materials, some problems may occur. Solutions to decrease the difficulties have been provided in many cases. However, these solutions do not work in many other cases. This paper proposes a novel method to solve this problem using so−called Free Use Marks which are provided by the Agency for Cultural Affairs in Japan. The method mentioned here includes a new perspective on these marks and their uses.The usages shown in this paper consist of making an Open Policy Server（OPS）which stores Web site policies, providing methods of access to the OPS from Web servers which wish to use and copy Web pages having the Free Use Marks. The OPS also performs other tasks such as setting the expired date of copied pages.

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