The author has pursued me change of blood sugar-which is witnessed between the intravenous injection of Alloxan into dogs and the appearance of the hyperglycemia, that is to say, the completion of the Alloxan diabetes, -in relation to the morpholygical and functional change of the Langerhans' islet of the pancreas, especially by means of the Porphyllin-Affinity Examination proposed by Prof. KOSAKI.
1. The Transition of Blood Sugar following the injection of Alloxan shows the first hypoglycemia in 20-60 minutes, the first hyperglycemia in 2 hours, the second hypoglycemia in 8 hours, and the continuous hyperglycemiain 2448 hours.
2. When the H. E. stain is used, the histological changes of the Langerhans' islet can be perceived before that.
3. In the Porphyllin-Affinity Examination can already be perceived in the period of of the first hypoglycemia, and the decrease proceeds gradually and remarkable.
4. The severer transition of the blood sugar the tested dogs show, the more remarkable is the decrease of the Porphyllin-Affinity of the Langerhans' islet and the higher the grade of the continous hyperglycemia.
5. Judding from these experiments, the transition of blood sugar which is seen after the injection of Alloxan is based upon the abnormal selective function of the insulin and upon the discharge of the intracellular insulin caused by the destruction of the cells, and that transition can be regarded as a result of the living-body response of the hormonal and nevous factors which parcipate in the regulation mechanism of blood sugar.

抄録全体を表示

As a part of the studies on the difference of the disturbances in the carbohydrate metabolism in liver diseases and diabetes mellitus, alterations of serum inorganic phosphorus and serum potassium by intravenous glucose tolerance test, and the mechanism causing those alterations were studied. The results were as follows:
(1)Thirty grams of glucose (50% solution) was administered intravenously to 6 normal subjects, 13 cases of diabetes mellitus and 36 cases of various liver diseases. Although glucose tolerance was diminished in both diseases, the depletion rate of serum inorganic phosphorus and serum potassium was low in diabetics and high in liver diseases.
(2) The same results in the glucose tolerance test of the diabetic rabbits (induced by alloxan) and the liver-injured rabbits (induced by CCl₄) were obtained as in the human paients.
(3) Glucose uptake, glycogenesis, invasion of serum inorganic phorphorus, rate of increase of potassium and each fractions of phosphate, in liver and muscles, were all diminished generally in the intravenous glucose tolerance test of the diabetic rabbits. In the same test of the liver-injured rabbits, although glucose uptake, glycolysis, formation ofΔ7P of the liver were diminished, rate of increase of potassium in the liver and the muscles, carbohydrate and phosphate metabolism in the muscles were all normal.
(4) Consequently, serum inorganic phosphate invades mainly into tne muscles and partially into the liver, and serum potassium invades equally into both the liver and the muscles, after intravenous admistration of glucose. This causes difference in liver diseases and diabetes.
(5) The rate of depletion of the serum inorganic phosphate and serum potassium after intravenous administration of glucose is an index of whole carbohydrate metabolism of the body.

抄録全体を表示

The author made macroscopic and histological observations on the preparations of the stomachs removed by surgical operation from a total of 279 cases treated at the Matsukura Surgical Clinic, Nihon Medical School, during the perid extending from August, 1955 to April, 1957. These cases included various diseases of the stomach, comprising 28 instances of chronic gastritis, 61 of duodenal ulcers, 21 of gastroduodenal ulcers, 69 of gastric ulcers, 83 of gastric cancer, and 17 of ulcer-cancer. A special attention was focused on the nature of lymphoid nodules and germinal centers in the gastric mucosa, with particular reference to the locations of their appearance and to the relationships of their incidence to age, gastric acidity, mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, according to the nature of various diseases.

抄録全体を表示