Journal of the Society of Biomechanisms
Print ISSN : 0285-0885
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Volume 26, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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  • Energy Absorbing Characteristics of Shoes during walking
    Yoshihiro Ehara, Masatoshi Beppu, Susumu Nomura, Yumiko Kunimi, Shiger ...
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 27-31
    Published: February 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.26.27
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The amount of energy absorbed in the heel of two kinds of shoes during walking was measured. One type of the shoes was sport shoes and another was leather shoes. A subject wore braces on both feet under which wooden feet were attached firmly. The shoes were put on the wooden feet while he was walking in a gait lab. The joint moment and other kinetic parameters were calculated and the power flow from the shank to the feet was calculated from these parameters. By subtracting the time deviation of the mechanical energy of the feet from the power, we could estimate the amount of energy absorbed in the shoes. The value for the sports shoes was approximately 10 Joule per a step when the subject walked with cadence 60-126.
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  • Pulse-wave based emergency alarm system for the living alone elderly : A feasibility study
    Shinji Miyazaki
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 32-39
    Published: February 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.26.32
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In an aim to crevent the risk of sudden death of elderly people living alone, an emergency alarm system was designed and its feasibility was tested in a field test. The pulse wave is detected over the skin at the distal part of the artery radialis with an electlet condenser microphone. Then, the signal is amplified and filtered, and further fed to comparators. The first comparator with a lower threshold detects pulse wave, and generates a signal when no pulse is detected for more than 5s to alert cardiac arrest. The second comparator with a higher threshold detects artifacts due to body movements, and generates a signal when no large signal is detected for mote than 15min to alert unconsciousness. Preliminary results on four subjects were promising.
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Short paper
  • Characteristics in walking kinematics of elderly before one year of death
    hai-peng Tang, Shintaro Toyoshima, Tamotsu Hoshikawa
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 40-44
    Published: February 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.26.40
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A longitudinal observation of the elderly's gait has been done for four years, but unfortunately, two subjects died l4 months and l5 months each after a regular gait test. The test included the motion analysis for normal gait and a muscle strength measurement of the knee joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the deterioration of movement with aging, through the longitudinal observation of the elderly's gait on these two subjects. The qait of the two subjects were videotaped with a video camera operating at 60 Hz. The kinematical variables, such as walking speed, step length, step rate, and maximum range of the toe on vertical direction during a walking cycle, were calculated. Before about one year of death, the subjects' speed of normal walking declined with a concomitant reduction of stride length, and remarkable decreases were observed on vertical displacement of the toe and the muscle force of the knee joint extension. The decrease rates of walking speed, step length and maximum range of the toe on vertical direction before about one year of death were larger than the decrease rates of general elderly reported by earlier literature.
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  • Study of the Effects of Aiding Information on Operator's Learning : Experiments of Manual Control of Seesaw-Roller System
    M. Ohyama, T. Yamashita, T. Sakamoto
    Article type: Article
    2002 Volume 26 Issue 1 Pages 45-49
    Published: February 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.26.45
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper shows experimental results of the effects of the aiding information on the operator's control behavior of a seesaw-roller system, in which lhe roller can move on the seesaw based on the control input of seesaw tilting. The operator generates the control input by using a joystick device. The results reveal how human control performs in terms of action against control error, being compared with computer control. The experiment then shows that the aiding information improves the settling time, which was defined as the necessary period to make the roller move to a specified position.
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