Journal of the Society of Biomechanisms
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Volume 27, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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  • Evaluation of the anticipation time using finger tapping
    Yosimi NAKAZONO, Hisaya TANAKA, HIDETO Ide
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2003 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 23-28
    Published: 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2004
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.27.23
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Anticipatory movements were evaluated in finger tapping trials. Subjects were asked to time their voluntary movement after they listening to a sound (buzzer) at regular intervals (T: 0.8, 1.1, 1.3, 1.9 s). In the trials, they were only listening (A), or tapping a button to match the sound (B). The time between the onset of the last sound and that of the last tap was defined as a anticipation time (t). The time difference between t and T was defined as an error (Δt). As a result, the anticipation error correlated to T in 15 subjects. In 9 subjects, the anticipation time decreased to less than 90% of T (1.9 s) with statistical significance. The coefficient of variation of the anticipation times were significantly smaller in trial B than those in trial A. These results suggest that psychological chronoperception is regulated with the periodicity in physiological movements.
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  • Validation of the estimation methods for the hip joint center
    Jun KURABAYASHI, Masaaki MOCHIMARU, Makiko KOUCHI
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2003 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 29-36
    Published: 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2004
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.27.29
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The estimated joint center location is used for various analysis in the motion measurement. However, the estimation methods have not been verified. In the present study, the accuracy of the estimated hip center location was examined for three estimation methods by Clinical Gait Analysis Forum of Japan, Davis, and Vaughan. The estimation error was defined as the distance between the measured and the estimated locations of the hip joint center. Mean estimation errors for Clinical Gait Analysis Forum of Japan, Davis, and Vaughan were 17.1 mm, 13.4 mm and 32.0 mm, respectively. Three estimation methods were revised for Japanese young adult males using the MR image for 35 subjects randamly selected from the 43 subjects. The data for the other 8 subjects were used for the validation of the revised methods. For the Davis’s method, only such parameters that are easily measured on living subjects were personalized and mean values were used for other parameters. The mean estimation errors for the revised estimation methods by Clinical Gait Analysis Forum of Japan, Davis, and Vaughan were 9.9 mm, 24.8 mm and 19.8 mm, respectively.
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  • Kinematic analysis of transferring motion during carrying a subject from the bed to the wheelchair
    HAI-PENG Tong, SHINTARO Toyoshima, TAMOTSU Hoshikawa, [in Japanese]
    Article type: Others
    Subject area: Others
    2003 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 37-42
    Published: 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2004
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3951/sobim.27.37
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The purpose of this study is to evaluate the subject handling tasks from the viewpoint of biomechanic during the wheelchair transfer helped by a physical therapist (PT) and a student. The center of gravity (CG), the angles of the hip and the knee and the mechanical works for the whole body of the two helpers, the one was a trained PT and the another was a student, were calculated. The movement distance of the CG, the changes of the joint angles and the works were compared between the PT and the student. The motions of the two helpers were videotaped with three video cameras operating at 30 Hz. Three-dimensional coordinates for determining the mechanical work were computed by using Direct Linear Transformation Method from video data. The CG of the student moved about 11% longer distance than the PT during carrying the subject from the bed to wheelchair. The preceding result explains that for PT, because the operating time of subject handling was shorter and moving distance of the CG was smaller, the load acting on the PT was smaller. But on the other hand, the mechanical work of the PT had greater changes than the student, because of the greater keen joint extension of PT. In the lifting movements, to avoid lower back disorder, the PT extended mainly her knee joints to left the subject instead of using the extension of her hip joint. This kind of movement may cost some more energy but will be safer to the low-back of patient handler.
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