The effect of carbon monoxide on photochemical products was estimated by a photochemical model in our previous paper.
In this paper, the authors have revealed experimentaly the influence of carbon monoxide on the formation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in reactions of nitric oxides-hydrocarbon-air mixtures. Aldehydes were alalyzed by GC-MS-SIM method.
The formation of HCHO and CH₃CHO is accelerated by CO. The result obtained experimentaly in this paper shows good agreement with the computer simulation by a photochemical model.
The role of CO on the formation of aldehydes is confirmed distinctly.

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Using ordinary reagents in a laboratory, a simple procedure for preparation of permeation tubes for gases considered as an atmospheric pollutant was developed. It is based on a gas generation, concentration by a cryostatic trap and condensation of a liquidified gas into Teflon tube by a cryopumping effect. Nitrogen dioxide was generated by thermal decomposition of lead nitrate, sulfur dioxide by reduction of sodium sulfite with sulfuric acid and ammonia and amines by evolution from their aqueous solution by strong alkali. By gravimetric calibration in a thermostat, measuring a decrease in a tube weight in time, the permeation rate (ω) from the tube at 30°C was obtained as 16.5μg/min and 6.52μg/min for NO₂ and 0.52μg/min for SO₂. A temperature dependence of the permeation rate for NO₂ from PNO-2 tube was found to obey the following relation,
log₁₀ω=0.0342T-9.553
where T is a temperature of the thermostat in °K.
A gas permeating from the tube was diluted by a cleaned air. By comparing a concentration of NO₂ gas measured by Saltzman method with one calculated from the permeation rate and a flow rate of diluting gas, 0.72 as the equivalent factor was obtained.
The permeation tubes for offensive odor such as ammonia, trimethylamine and monomethylamine were also prepared as well as SO₂. The permeation tube th s prepared can be useful as the standard gas for a gaschromatography and/or cross-check samples for the analytical method.
The present technique is simple, cheap and safe because of no use of a high pressurized gas cylinder and furthermore it is convenient to be able to prepare the tube when necessary.

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The photochemical reaction of SO₂-cis-2-butene-oxygen-nitrogen system were studied in order to elucidate the mechanism of the photochemical isomerization of cis-2-butene.
The concentration of both SO₂ and cis-2-butene were varied at the range of 50ppm to 1000ppm, and the ratio of [SO₂] to [cis-2-butene] was also varied at the range of 0.05 to 20.
The decay curve of cis-2-butene and the formation curve of trans-2-butene were obtained.
When the ratio of [SO₂] to [cis-2-butene] was greater than 1, main products were SO3 and trans-2-butene, and the reaction mechanism was explained by the Calvert's modal.
However when the above ratio was lower 0.5, a few of both carbonyl compounds and aersol (particles) were produced in addition to SO₃ and trans-2-butene, and the reaction mechanism could not be explained by the Calvert's modal, but by the new model which was added the reaction of carbonyl compounds formation and aersol formation to the Calvert's model.

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To develop a microanalytical method for aromatic nitro compounds, separation behavior of these compounds have been studied by a dual band thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a high speed liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the former chromatography, aromatic nitro compounds were applied to the kieselguhr layer of the dual band TLC plate which was composed of kieselguhr layer (4×20 cm) and 26 % acetylated cellulose layer (11×20 cm), and then developed to the 10 cm mark of the acetylated cellulose layer with methanol-ether-water (4: 4: 1, v/v). In the latter chromatography, separation behavior of aromatic nitro compounds were surveyed by the 2 separation system, Nucleosil 7C18 column (4.6×35 mm+4.6×250 mm)-acetonitrile-water (5: 5-9: 1, v/v) system and Nucleosil 5NO2 column (4.6×35 mm+4.6×250 mm)-n-hexane-benzene (5: 5-9: 1, v/v) system.
Separation pattern of aromatic nitro compounds in this TLC was very good as compared with that in an ordinary TLC, and several carcinogens tested such as 2-Nitrofluorene, 2, 5-Dinitrofluorene and 2, 7-Dinitrofluorene were easily separated each other. It was also found that a minor component in a sample could gather together easily from several TLC plates in order to analyze the component, because of high reproducibility of relative Rf values of aromatic nitro compounds in this TLC (Rf_{6-Nitroquinoline}=100).
In HPLC, retention time of a aromatic nitro compound decreased with the rise of column temperature. There was a linear relation between the logarithm of the retention time and the reciprocal of absolute temperature of column. Retention time of a compound decreased also logarithmically with the increment of acetonitrile content of the acetonitrile-water mobil phase or the increment of benzene content of the n-hexane-benzene mobil phase.
Separation pattern of aromatic nitro compounds was different in the both HPLC systems tested. The pattern was mainly governed by the number of benzene rings of the compounds in the Nucleosil 7C₁₈ column system. On the other hand, the pattern was mainly governed by the number of nitrogroups of the compounds in the Nucleosil 5NO₂ column system. Most of 35 aromatic nitro compounds tested could easily separate each other by the combination use of the 2 HPLC systems. It was also found that the combination use of TLC and HPLC was useful for analyzing some aromatic nitro compounds in the environment.

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The falling volcanic ashes erupted from Mt. Sakurajima, Mt. Aso, and Mt. Usu were assayed on trace elements. The mixtures of the ashes and rain were collected every month from April 1979 through Mar. 1980 at six locations in Sakurajima. The amounts of the falling volcanic ashes, and the contents of water-soluble component, SO₄^2-, and in the filtrate of the mixture were measured. The data obtained were compared with those of the year before:(1) the amount of the ashes decreased;(2) the contents of the water-soluble component, SO₄^2-, and Cl-increased;(3) pH of the filtrate lowered. The above results suggested that the ashes were somewhat worse this period with respect to environmental pollution.
The another investigation on the falling ashes of Mt. Sakurajima, Mt. Aso, and Mt. Usu which had been out of contact with rain gave the following results;(1) the ashes of Mt. Sakurajima had the largest mean grain size, and that of Mt. Usu had the smallest mean grain size;(2) Mt. Aso was the highest in the content of the watersoluble component and SO₄^2-;(3) heavy-metal content of the ashes of Mt. Usu was remarkably higher than those of Mt. Sakurajima and Mt. Aso;(4) phthalic acid esters had been to some degree adsorbed on the individual ashes: the ashes of Mt. Usu contained 241 ppm of DBP and 143 ppm of DOP.

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Practical application of the method for deodorization of exhaust gas which hypochiorite was investigated.
Malodor in exhaust gas from night soil and sewage treatment plants can be treated almost perfectly by oxidizing firstly dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, ammonia, trimethylamine, styrene, and acetaldehyde with sodium hypochlorite solution (1.2×10^-2mol/l, pH7) at the superficial gas velocity of 1.7m/s in a packed tower and by oxidizing next hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan remaining unreacted with sodium hypochlorite solution (the same concentration, pH11) in another packed tower, upon the condition that gas is completely collected and the process air rate is set properly.
The system is free both from malodor trouble at gas sources and from carbonate-scaling.

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