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Volume 38, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Koichi HIRAI1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 97-114
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: January 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent advances in the field of the β-lactam ring syntheses are reviewed. All the methods are classified according to the notation of m±n_??_4 cyclization (m and n=0, 1, 2, 3, …), which is first proposed by the author. Each reaction is briefly commented.View full abstractDownload PDF (1868K) -
Noboru ONO, Aritsune KAJI1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 115-127
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent advances of the chemistry of aliphatic nitro compounds are reviewed, in which the following items are covered. 1) Preparation of aliphatic nitro compounds. 2) Reaction of aliphatic nitro compounds which includes substitution and elimination reaction of the nitro group, conversion of the nitro group to the carbonyl or amino group and organic synthesis using nitroolefins.View full abstractDownload PDF (1247K) -
Preparation of new affinity adsorbentsIsamu MATSUMOTO1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 128-138
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe most widely used means of preparing affinity adsorbents is the CNBr method by Axén et. al.. Unfortunately, the adsorbents prepared by this method have serious disadvantages : the non-specific adsorption and the leakage of the ligand. The nonspecific adsorption is due to the ion-exchanging properties of isourea derivatives formed between ligand and agarose and can be avoided by using hydrazides for the binding on CNBr-activated agarose. The leakage of the ligand is attributed to the instability of the isourea bond and can be prevented by using polyvalent spacers. Polyacrylhydrazido-agarose has been used for these reasons. The epoxy method has been used to prepare the adsorbents without these problems. However, another problem is encountered with this method, the requirement for high temperature and/or hight pH during the coupling step. To circumvent this problem, the new procedure has been devised for the conversion of epoxy group into more reactive group. The preparation of the adsorbents by these methods and their application to affinity chromatography are presented in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (1373K) -
Katsumi WAKABAYASHI1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 139-150
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRadioimmunoassay (RIA) is a method of measuring very minute amounts of substances employing the competitive binding of the substance to be measured and its radioisotope-labelled compound to the antibody. The method was first established by S. A. Berson and R. S. Yalow for insulin, and is now applied to a wide variety of hormones, body components and drugs. This brief review describes generalized assay procedures and the important reagents such as radioisotope-labelled compounds and radioiodination, assay standards, and preparation of antisera and their essential nature. Assay results given by RIA are not always agree with those obtained by biological assay if the antigenic determinant and biological active site are different. Such a characteristic feature of RIA led to the discoveries of the precursors of polypeptide hormones in their biosynthetic pathways, and gave further development of the endocrinological research field.View full abstractDownload PDF (1711K) -
Itaru YAMAMOTO1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 151-163
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bases and principles of the different enzyme immunoassay (EIA) techniques for antigens, haptens and antibodies are described. Substances for which EIAs have been developed and several EIA kits available are listed. The enzymes used as labels, the methods of linking them to haptens, antigens and antibodies, and the methods for separating free and bound labeled materials are also described. EIA for cyclic AMP which we have developed is shown as a practical example. EIA methods overcome some of the limitations of radioimmunoassay and because of their great advantages of sensitivity, cost and convenience, those methods should become a normal part of the work of the clinical laboratory.View full abstractDownload PDF (1712K) -
Yoshiteru SAKATA1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 164-175
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: January 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently a number of layered compounds, especially layered cyclophanes, with polycyclic aromatic nuclei have been reported. Such compounds, in which condensed aromatic rings are closely fixed with each other, or with other π-systems, often show unusual physical and chemical properties. In this review synthetic methods for layered cyclophanes are classified into eleven categories and reactivities of the compounds are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1397K) -
Minoru SEKIYA1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 176-181
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSN- [(N-Nitrosoalkylamino) methyl] amides were recently reported from author's laboratory as new precursors for generating diazoalkanes. This review introduces N- [(N-nitrosoalkylamino) methyl] -carbamates and N- [(N-nitr osoalkylamino) methyl] benzamides as new diazoalkane-generating agents with their superiorities for practical use and stable diazoalkane-reagents, N, N-dialkyl-4-diazome-thylbenzenesulfonamides, prepared in this way, as new UV-detective labelling agents for acidic substances.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
Takao KARIYONE1980 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 182-192
Published: February 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJapan's surfactant industry is described in terms of production classified by toiletry soap and detergent for household use (product statistics) and for industrial use (product statistics) and how the trend shifts. Allusion is specially made to surfactants for industrial use for its losing profitability in spite of their being categolized as fine chemicals, because of small volume business, covering many areas of usage. Synthetic process of major surfactant from raw materials and how it is related to the applied use of surfactants and their surface activity is also described.
According to the auther's calculation, Japan's surfactant production in 1978 amounts to approximately 400, 000 tons, active ingredient basis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1104K)
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