Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan
Online ISSN : 1883-6526
Print ISSN : 0037-9980
ISSN-L : 0037-9980
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Volume 41, Issue 12
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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  • Direct Observation of Reacting Molecules by X-ray Structure Analysis.
    Yuji OHASHI
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1120-1134
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1120
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recent development in X-ray crystallography has proved that the crystal structure analysis is a very powerful tool in the elucidation of the reaction mechanism. Two topics are reviewed in this article. One is the observation of the reaction path frozen by the different crystalline fields, comparing many structural fragments in related crystals. The other is the direct observation of the crystalline-state reaction, which proceeds in a crystal without degradation of the crystallinity. The structure at any stage can be obtained by the three dimensional intensity data. These may provide us how to “observe” the structural change in a reaction intermediate.
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  • Macromolecule-Anticancer Drug Conjugates.
    Yoshinori KATO, Takeshi HARA
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1135-1142
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: January 22, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1135
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    Preparation and biological activities of macromolecule-anticancer drug conjugates are reviewed under the following headlines : 1) introduction, 2) characteristics of macromolecular drugs, 3) biological activities of conjugates, 3.1) therapeutic effects enhanced by lysosomotropism, 3.2) therapeutic effects enhanced by slow release, 3.3) decreased side effects, 3.4) overcoming of drug resistance, 3.5) effects against metastasis, 3.6) targeting of drugs to tumors, 4) preparation of conjugates, 4.1) selection of macromolecules and drugs, 4.2) preparation and purification of conjugates, and 5) closing remarks.
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  • Exciton Coupled Circular Dichroic Spectroscopy and Its Application to Determination of Absolute Configuration (Part 2)
    Chiroptical Interaction between Different Chromophores
    Nobuyuki HARADA
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1143-1151
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1143
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    This account describes the CD exciton chirality method which is useful for determination of absolute stereochemistry of various natural and synthetic chiral compounds. Chiral exciton coupling between two or more chromophores gives rise to two split CD Cotton effects of opposite signs to each other, from the signs of which absolute configuration of chiral compounds is nonempirically determined, if the direction of transition moments in interacting chromophores is known.
    Applications of this versatile chiroptical method to various organic compounds are exemplified ; in Part II, chiral exciton interaction between different chromophores are discussed.
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  • Recent Advances in Organic Synthesis via Ene Reactions.
    Yoshiji FUJITA, Shigeaki SUZUKI, Koichi KANEHIRA
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1152-1167
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: January 22, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1152
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    Recently much attention has been focussed on ene reactions, and their synthetic utility has been increased because of their high regio- and stereospecificity. Ene reaction is based on addition of a compound with electron-deficient multiple bond (an enophile) to an olefin possessing an allylic hydrogen (an ene).
    Intermolecular ene reactions are classified by functional groups in enophiles. The differences between thermal reactions and Lewis acid catalyzed ones are discussed.
    Intramolecular ene reactions including metallo-ene systems are reviewd according to the classification (Type I- III) reported by Oppolzer.
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  • Syntheses and Antibacterial Activities of Penem Derivatives.
    Tetsuo MIYADERA
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1168-1180
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1168
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    This article is intended to give a brief review of synthetic methods of penems, ranging from Woodward's first penem synthesis to the most recent penem synthesis appearing in current papers. The antibacterial in vitro activities of a variety of penem derivatives are also described, together with structure-activity relationships of penems prepared in our laboratories.
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  • Synthesis of Dehydrooligopeptides.
    Chung-gi SHIN, Yasuchika YONEZAWA
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1181-1192
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1181
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    Recently, much attention has been focused on the syntesis of dehydrooligopeptides (DHP), containing one or more α-dehydroamino acid (DHA) residues, and the correlation between the structure and the bioactivity of DHP. The synthetic studies on DHP were reviwed according to the following articles :
    1. Introduction.
    2. Synthesis of dehydrodipeptides.
    2.1. Synthesis of DHA as carboxy and amine components. 2.2. Stepwise elongation. 2.3. β-Elimination of dipeptide. 2.4. Synthesis of geometric isomer. 2.5. The other elimination methods. 2.6. The other new synthetic methods.
    3. Synthesis of Dehydrooligopeptides.
    3. 1. Fragment condensation. 3.2. Synthesis and reactivity of N-carboxy α-dehydroamino acid anhydride (Δ NCA). 3.3 Δ NCA as synthon.
    3.4. Application of Δ NCA method.
    4. Conclusion.
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  • Fission and Reclosure of the Adenine Ring.
    Tozo FUJII, Taisuke ITAYA, Tohru SAITO
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1193-1208
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1193
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    Recent studies on the ring-opening and recyclization reactions of adenine and its derivatives are reviewed with particular emphasis on the synthetic utility of these transformations. Among the reactions included are Bamberger-type fission, Dimroth rearrangement of 1-alkyladenines, basecatalyzed ring-opening of 1-alkoxyadenines and N6, N6, 3, 9-tetraalkyladenines, recyclization and deformylation of the resulting ring-opened derivatives, synthetic reactions utilizing the ring-opened compounds, and ring-opening and recyclization of Nx, Ny-disubstituted adenines. Examples from the nucleoside and nucleotide series are also summarized.
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  • Sulfuryl Chloride (SO2Cl2)
    Kiyoaki IWAI
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1209
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1209
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  • Benzyl Chloride (_??_-CH2Cl)
    Hisanobu KUBOTA
    1983Volume 41Issue 12 Pages 1210
    Published: December 01, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.41.1210
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