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Volume 23 (2010)
- Issue 6 Pages 437-
- Issue 5 Pages 373-
- Issue 4 Pages 301-
- Issue 3 Pages 201-
- Issue 2 Pages 118-
- Issue 1 Pages 18-
Volume 23, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Original research article
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Kentaro WADA, Toshiharu KOJIRIArticle type: Original Article
2010 Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 201-215
Published: May 05, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study is to improve TCBM (Topological Case-Based Model) and to apply it for flood forecast by introducing other two concepts. One is LLM (Local Linear Model) thinking to use time-series information which is generally thought to be important for flood forecast. The other is to increase the data volume of flood events by using the distributed runoff model (Hydro-BEAM) to cover the weak point of limited flood data. This enhanced TCBM is called FFM (Flood Forecast Model) for real-time flood forecasting system with six hour ahead forecast in this study. As a result, the effect of improving TCBM is found and the versatility of TCBM thought to be expanded.View full abstractDownload PDF (1471K) -
Ryoichi KANEKI, Masayuki FURUKAWA, Jun YAMAGUCHI, Kenji IWAMA, Hiromic ...Article type: Original Article
2010 Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 216-230
Published: May 05, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of reducing fertilizer and non-puddled cultivation on outflow loads from paddy fields, water purification and mass balance were examined for four years. Four experimental plots were set up for comparison.
As a result, the levels of surface effluent loads of the plots with single application of fertilizer in nursery box were reduced 64 % for T-N and 51 % for T-P as compared with the plots that used conventional fertilizer. The reduced level of subsurface effluent loads of the plots were 26 % for D-N and 23 % for D-P. SS, COD, T-N and T-P surface runoff loads from the non-puddled divisions were reduced 71 %, 59 %, 41 %, and 48 % respectively as compared with those of the puddled divisions. For water purification, non-puddled cultivation appeared to be effective in reducing the effluent loads, because there were significant differences in SS, COD, and P. Additionally, interaction between the puddling methods and fertilizing methods showed significant differences in N. Both nitrogen and phosphorous collected from incoming factors such as irrigation, rain and fertilizer were greater than those of outgoing factors such as surface effluent load, subsurface effluent load and hulled rice because of the use of too much fertilizer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1396K) -
Masashi KIGUCHI, Taikan OKIArticle type: Original Article
2010 Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 231-247
Published: May 05, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo assess changes in frequency of extreme precipitation events, it is necessary to correctly evaluate the extreme value record (EVR) of rainfall. The present thesis investigated the EVR of rainfall for the world and for Japan, and reevaluated the reliability of each. The world EVR includes much data from indefinite sources, although they were provided together by WMO and NOAA/NWS. There are some discrepancies between the value observed by local agencies, as well as some problems in the interpretation of some data descriptions. These problems were corrected and the data were annotated as much as possible. The Japanese EVR includes observations by government and municipal offices but not those by the Japanese Meteorological Agency or private companies. It has been described in various books, but often incorrectly and with the use of uncertain data. These data were corrected, verified, and annotated. Closer examination of precipitation extreme values and other meteorological extreme events is necessary to develop and maintain a more reliable data set.View full abstractDownload PDF (1768K)
Technical note
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Guangwei HUANGArticle type: Technical note
2010 Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 248-254
Published: May 05, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRoads are societal infrastructures and provide links among various urban elements. The existence of road networks alters the landscape spatial pattern. However, few studies were conducted to evaluate the relationship between road patterns and urban flooding characteristics. In this study, a strategic initiative was taken to examine how urban flooding patterns could be affected by roads and to highlight the possibility to use roads to alleviate flood disaster.
It is revealed through case study that the flood front could be accelerated by road and areas confined by roads are more susceptible to flooding. Meanwhile, if roads are designed properly, they could divert flood water to areas where damage is much less severe. The concept is to share flood water in a wide area in a well-planned way so that the total damage could be minimized.View full abstractDownload PDF (648K)
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