Sanjiang Plain is an important food product base in China. Actually, 75 % of its produced foods are exported to other areas. Because of the expansion of arable land in the Sanjiang Plain, wetland and forest areas have decreased rapidly. The environment tends to flood, which further reduces food production. There are few facilities to control floods. Some embankments and dams are under construction, but they are not helpful. Flood risk analysis is a method for avoiding the disasters effectively in advance. To ensure the increase and the security of food production, the distribution of potential flood risk in the Sanjiang Plain is analyzed. As a result, first, the flood risk is known to be higher in the plains along the river and at the foot of Xiaoxing'an Mountain Range and the Wanda Mountain Range.Secondly, approximately 80 % of the arable land area in the Sanjiang Plain is at risk of flooding. Places suitable for cultivation have already been used. Finally, based on changes of arable land area and flood risk, potential flood risk factors are discussed.

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 The Convention on the Law of the Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses is to enter into force in August 2014 after adoption by the United Nations General Assembly in 1997. The convention shows international standards for the development and management of fresh water resources across the border, including rivers, lakes and groundwater. It is expected to influence international society strongly. Especially, the principle of equitable utilization is expected to be useful as a solution standard when a dispute arises between a downstream country and an upstream country on an international river. In fact, although the convention still had not entered into force, the principle was quoted in the International Court of Justice ruling. The convention in principle is to discipline only the related parties, but other rulings or state practices should be observed until it has become an international customary law.

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