This paper is to find the autonomous processes of resettlements after Kumamoto Earthquake 2016. Research was conducted in #1 Neighborhood-Association in Akitsu-school-district in Higashi-ward, Kumamoto City. There was no public reconstruction project and no collective resettlement policy in the area. Each victim was utilizing the resources of their own, relatives’, community’s and public. No victims went outside of Higashi-ward until they resettle in the original site. There were cases of dwelling in the original houses, dwelling in the apartments which they, their relatives’ or neighbors own in the area, and setting unit-house in his site.

The aim of this paper is to clarify composition of outside common in multiple grounded housings. First, We found four kinds of exterior space. Secondly, We grasped character of approach from a position of dwelling's entrance and approach selectability. Third, We analyzed teritorial character from contacts of surrounded exterior space of 386 residential buildings. Finally, We suggest 9 types of outside common. As a character of those when approach is limited, works tend to be the same contact rate. On the other hand, when approach is selectable, works tend to be difference in contact rate.

In this paper, a questionnaire survey and field surveys for universities in Japan were conducted. The results are as follows:

1) Universities with large numbers of students tend to be national, have multiple departments, and have departments for students with disabilities (DSD).

2) DSD’s support process for each student with disabilities varies depending on the number of students at the university.

3) Providing the space, time, and budget to ensure accessibility is a major challenge when responding to each request for the environmental improvements. Promoting foundational accessibility and closer cooperation with the other departments will improve this situation.

The first report on this series, this paper study the planning and equipment of small-scale childcare facilities. The purpose of the analysis is to find what aspects of operation and licensing are better covered and what aspects require further regulation. The method for collecting this data was the design of surveys for 234 municipalities and 637 child care facilities throughout Japan and the analysis of the answers sent by them.

The following aspect were analyzed; a) facility management, b) facility license approval process, c) building characteristics of facilities, d) rooms, equipment and playground, e) partner facility support.

The purpose of this study is experimentally to clarify how the physiological and psychological reactions of elderly female who received from seismic motion are affected by different postures. The experiment was conducted in a total of 60 elderly male and female, with two posture conditions in chair sitting and supine positions, assuming an immediate power outage after the earthquake. As a result of the analysis, it became apparent that there were some differences in the physiological and psychological effects by seismic motion between the sitting position and the supine position for elderly female as with elderly male.

In this study, we conducted a walking experiment in an urban park using a GPS watch to measure walking speed, and analyzed the relationship between the walking speed and spatial characteristics of the walking space, focusing on basic elements (width of the walking space, pavement, buildings) and decorative elements (flowerbeds, ponds, fountains, objects).

The spatial characteristics of "high-speed areas" are wide sidewalks, with buildings. The spatial characteristics of "low-speed areas" are narrow sidewalks with decorative elements, especially objects. The characteristics of walking spaces with a high number of stops often include decorative elements such as flower beds, ponds, and objects.

According to the enforcement of the Discrimination Prohibition Act in 2016 and the amendments to the Barrier-Free Act between 2018 and 2020 in stages, the improvement of physical accessibility in cities and the promotion of social participation of people with disabilities have been expected in Japan. However, children with disabilities and their parents still often face social obstacles and the details are not clear. Therefore, this paper reveals the features of physical/attitudinal obstacles in cities and proposes methods of accessibility improvement through the analysis of a questionnaire to all the parents of three special schools in the municipality of X.

The spatial distribution of people in a building could provide valuable information for an effective guidance in emergency. This paper aims to develop a method to estimate the number of walking people in staircases using infrared human detection sensors. First, we constructed a walking behavior model and a sensor response model using the survey data observed in an emergency drill. Next, using these two models, we generated a large volume training data on human flows and corresponding sensor responses for a neural network model. Finally, we demonstrated the validation of the model through the comparison with the survey data.

The effectiveness of the method for extracting the cultural landscape from the ceramic-making process’ production environment and work behavior was demonstrated by taking the Kuno kiln, the founder of Kasama ware. As results, the pottery space has molding plants with daylight, glazed areas with good ventilation, and climbing kilns with suitable terrain and wind direction. Besides, the technique of expressing thickness and color gloss was maintained. Then, the production environment and production activities related to soil crushing, soil filtering, soil kneading, drying, molding, kiln filling, firing, and prayer were maintained and extracted as elements of the cultural landscapes.

The aim of this study is to make clear the spatial composition and formative process of reclaimed villages by a case study on Kojo Shinden. The reclamation work of Kojo Shinden was performed in the end of early-modern times whereby, large-scale latticed arable land was developed. After that, the characteristic arable land units were distributed by unique process. In this paper, we attempt to clarify the formative process of reclaimed villages on Kojo Shinden, therefore, we analyzed the process of setting down and standardized arable land subdivision. As a result, we revealed the individual character of the dispersed settlements.

We analyzed the relationship between results data, obtained through a resident satisfaction survey, and population data taken from basic resident registries. The results of this analysis are as follows. There was a strong correlation between resident satisfaction and population change, a weak correlation between Civic Pride and population change. Each of the factors “image”, “friendliness” and “lifestyle convenience”, “Cost of living” was positively correlated with population growth, while the factors “quietness/security” and “nature/sightseeing destination” were negatively correlated. There was a positive correlation between “Pride of city” and population change, a negative correlation between “Network of many acquaintances” and population change.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual situation of earthen mounds and hedges space in a residential area along the Old Kaburagi Alley in Sakura City, Chiba Prefecture. Findings are as follows: first, that the number of earthen mounds and hedges is decreasing overall; second, the reduction and division of the site, changes in building use, and the road width increased have led to a decrease in the number of earthen mounds and hedges; third, that the local residents are attached to the earthen mounds and hedges and feel the need to preserve and restore them.

This article takes the Tayuan Temple in Mount Wutai as an example to analyze the construction and its transformation. The process that the Tibetan-style pagoda was first established with the application of the Tibetan Buddhist Living Buddha and the assistance of the emperor, then the Chinese-style temple was erected surrounding the pagoda, and finally the facility for the emperor's stay was built is the feature of the temple. The influence of both Tibetan Buddhism and Emperor Power can be seen in this temple.

This paper explores the architect's intentions and values and how they reflect them through the materiality of their designs. In particular, this paper analyzes renovated houses from the viewpoints of the discourse and the spatial character and materiality. We found that many architects emphasize time in their discourses and develop contemporary spatial strategies to express it. A common approach is to highlight the history of a building by re-using and preserving the old preexisting materials. At the same time, many designs combine material preservation with new finishings, creating contrasts that enhance both newness and the passing of time.

This paper is a part of the researches to characterize and identify the architectural theory of Jun Itami (1937-2011) through his articles. The keywords were sorted out as items and examined from the viewpoint of hierarchy of the meaning. The first level items of his architectural theory are 【Joseon period】, 【Korea】, and 【Contemporary Japan】. This paper is examining 《Architecture》that makes up【Contemporary Japan】.

This paper is to reconstruct design process of Japanese pavilion in Venice biennale, Italy (1956) designed by Takamasa YOSHIZAKA with his laboratory and reveal architect's formal manipulations conducted under strategic design thinking. Study materials were original design drawings possessed by National Archives of Modern Architecture, Tokyo. The discussion goes as following:

1. Chronological order of the design drawings was established by date inscriptions and formal similarities.

2. Transformability (formal variation or changes) in each "study" (subdivided partial process in design) was analyzed and interpreted.

3. Architect's formal manipulations were reconstructed and charted, and relevant design intentions were concluded.

The aim of this study is to clarify the composition of the sales venue of “Pottery Market” in Mashiko Town from combination of elements and arrangement of buildings and open spaces. Through this study, 8 types of composition are determined. Furthermore, by comparing the composition of normal times and the time of the pottery market event, several characteristics related on the regional environment are found. These are continuation of ordinary condition, changes where the marginal space of the town becomes the sales venue, expansion of the sales area, and changes in which the surrounding environmental elements participate in the composition.

This paper seeks to clarify the transition of the townscape and the spatial composition of Kizuki Monzen-machi which has been developed near the gate of Izumo Taisha Sinto shrine from the end of medieval times to the beginning of pre-modern times. Through the analyses of the regional characteristics of the form of dwelling lots of Kizuki by means of the existent archival materials on land tenure and the area map in the 16th century, I reexamined the diversity of the dwelling pattern of Shinto priests who not only conducted exclusively religious services but also worked as the merchants and craftsmen.

Although it is claimed that the separation of politics and religion precludes public authorities from planning religious facilities in Japan, an enormous public-planned city in Tokyo—called Tama New Town—houses several religious facilities like shrines, temples, and churches. Since the manner of incorporating them into the project has not been analyzed, this study examined how the planners provided frameworks and designed space for them by inspecting the planning documents and interviewing planners and residents. The study demonstrates that the planners regarded them as elements that could support and improve the lives of residents, so tried to make good use of them.

Since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, Japan has experienced numerous disasters. This study aims to review the research trends of reconstruction planning in Japan, focusing on architecture, urban planning, and civil engineering since 1995. We found that the number of reconstruction planning researches has significantly increased since 1995. There has been a considerable amount of research on individual cases and a dearth of research aiming to systematize knowledge and technology. It is necessary to discuss integrated and multilinear reconstruction planning, and time and spatial transferability of reconstruction planning, to systematize such accumulation.