In order to clarify the changes in food reservation by fertilizing managements (rich and poor) and autumn manuring methods, carbohydrate content was investigated from late October to mid-May, using young tea plants (2-3-year-old) shaped as mature ones.
1. Generally, carbohydrate content in a plant inversely reduced with increase in nitrogen content.
However, the late autumn manuring raised both carbohyrdrate content and nitrogen content over contrast level after Mid-December.
2. The changes in carbohydrate content in a plant showed the following relation between fertilizing managements: contrast=poor management>rich management.
The relation in carbohydrate amount a plant was as follows in February and March : contrast>rich managemeot>poor management.
3. The changes in carbohydrate content showed the following relation between autumn manuring methods: no autumn manuring>late autumn poor manuring (1/2 amount of standard)> late autumn manuring>contrast.
The relation in carbohydrate amount a plant was as follows in February and March : no autumn manuring>late autnmn poor manuring> late autumn manuring>contrast.
4. The differences in carbohydrate content between autumn manurings gradually increased from about November to February but were not observed after bud opening time of the first crop in aerial parts, while in underground parts, they were small in February and March and became remarkable just after pluking of the first crop.
5. The first cropping yield showed the following relation between autumn manuring methods : no autumn manuring> late autumn manuring> contrast.
This almost accorded with the relation in carbohydrate reservation in February and March.

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To make clear the changes in the nitrogen absorption by the retardation of autumn manuring, nitrogen content in plants was investigated from late October to late March, using young tea plants (2-3-year-old) shaped as mature ones.
The results were summarized as follows.
1. Nitrogen percentage in each part of a plant in the late manuring (Late October manuring) was slightly lower than that in contrast (Early September manuring) at the 30th day after manuring, but the relationship was rather reversed after the 60th day of manuring.
2. Nitrogen amount a plant in the late manuring was equal or slightly more than that in contrast after the first month of manuring.
3. Seasonal absorption of nitrogen by tea plants was almost constant from late October to late March, except decreasing from late Junuary to late February.
This shows that tea plants absorbed nitrogen as much as in autumn season even in winter season.

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The tea soils in Okinawa Island were red yellow soils derived from Slate, Kunigami Gravel, Metamorphic rock and Coastal plain.
Gully erosion and landslide were observed at Kunigami gravel soil area.
The second layers of every tea soil were very compact, the index of soil strength of those soils was over 20, and the slender root of tea plant in the 2nd layer was very little.
Each soil textur derived from Kunigami gravel, Coastalplain, Slate and Metamorphic rocks tea soils was that of SiCL-CL, LiC, LiC-HC and SL respectively.
Every tea soil indicated strong acidity, that is, pH (H2O) values of most of the soils were under 4.5 and some one was 2.9.
The content of soil organic matter in every soil was very little.
The exchangeable magnesium content of the tea soil derived from Slate was high and that of soils derived from the other origin was low, and exchangeable potassium content in evrey soil was higher than the best condition of potassium fertility of tea soil.
Phosphorus absorption coefficients in every tea soil were low, and contents of available phosphorus (Truog) were various in every tea soil and one of them was 50 mg % (P205) and the others were very little.

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Sri Lanka tea soil were red yellow podzolic soils which belonged to residum, colluvium or local alluvium derived from a wide variety of crystalline metamorphic rocks of the pre-canbrian.The pH value of tea soil was lower than in the uncultivated jungle soils. The humus content decreased with increasing depth both in tea soil and uncultivated soils and it was higher in the latter than the former. The exchangeable Ca and Mg contents were also appreciably higher in the uncultivated soils.
Difference absorption spectra of humic acid of podzolic red yellow and humic soil was determined. Response of phenolic OH in the difference absorption spectra of red yellow soil was lower than that of Japan, Strong difference absorption peak was observed at 250 mu in the spectra of humic soil.
Nitrification was stronger than ammonification in Sri Lanka tea soil. Nitric nitrogen in soil was increased by the application cattle manure and the content of NO₃-N decreased and content of NH4-N increased in soil by the application of black tea waste and paddy husk.

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An application of azomethine H method for boron determination of tea garden soil was investigated. The inhibition of aluminium which found more abundantly in volcanic ash tea garden soil and other metal ions on color reaction could be depressed by EDTA masking solution. Humus had no effect on color reaction, so if the sample solution was colored, correct determination value could be obtained by background correction. The color in the sample solution could be removed by activated carbon, however in this case, the loss of boron occured in propotion to the weight of activated carbon used. For volcanic ash soil (Kuroboku), more than 6 minutes was required for complete extraction of the hot water soluble .boron. Boron in tea garden soil could be determined by this method with coefficient of variance of 3.5% and recovery of 99%.

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The amount of inorganic nitrogen and amino acids generated from decomposition of sun-dried and fire-dried fowl dropping manure (FDM) in tea soil were investigated.
Ammonification ratios of nitrogen in sun-dried and fire-dried FDM were 51.3% and 39.2% at the end of 7 days after incubation (27°C) respectively, and the ammonification ratioss were not increased by the incubation of more than 7 days.
Nitrification ratios of nitrogen in sun-dried and fire-dried FDM were very low.
The contents of total free amino acids of sundried and fire-dried FDM were originally 40 ppm and 491.2 ppm and then varied to 221.8 ppm and 217.7 ppm at the end of 7 days after incubation respectively.
Principal free amino acids of sun-dried and fire-dried FDM at the end of 7 days after incubation were gultamic acid and serin.

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In order to study effects of shade treatment on components of tea plant, clone Yabukita was shaded by four layers of black lawn cloth in May. Newly developing tea shoots were plucked every three days from the naturally grown and the shade treated tea fields, and productions (per 100 newly developing shoots) and contents (per dry weight of shoots) of catechins and nitrogenous compounds were compared in the two kinds of shoots.
1. The dry weight materials in both tea shoots showed linear increases, however the increase in the shade treated shoots became moderate compared with that in the naturally grown shoots.
2. (-)-Epicatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin, and (-) epigallocatechin gallate were linearly produced in the naturally grown tea shoots. The production of (-)-epicatechin was most effectively retarded by the shade treatment, and followed those of (-)-epigalloca- techin and (-)-epicatechin gallate. That of (-)- epigallocatechin gallate was slightly retarded (Fig. 3, Table 1). As those results the contents of (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin in the shade treated shoots were lower than those in the naturally grown shoots, but those of (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate seemed unlikely to show any significant differences.
3. The shade treatment did not affect the productions of nitrogenous compounds ; total nitrogen and caffeine were produced in similar extent in both shoots, and water-soluble nitrogenous compounds were not increased during the experimental period in both shoots (Figs. 4, 5, 6, Table 1). Therefore, the contents of the nitrogenous compounds in the shade treated shoots were higher than those in the naturally grown shoots.
4. Radioactive tracer studies showed that the conversions of shikimic acid-G-14C into catechins were depressed by the one day shade treatment for tea plants (Fig. 7).

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[in Japanese]

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Chlorophyll formation in etiolated cucumber cotyledone was served as the assay system of cytokinin. This system was not affected by adenine, adenosine, and sucrose. Gibberelline and indole- 3-acetic acid rather depressed the chlorophyll formation. The coefficient of variation of the method was 6.34% by measuring six replicates of a sample solution.
Most of cytokinins in tea shoot were extracted with n-butanol at pH 8.0 from aqueous solution and they were precipitated with silver ion. The results of PVP-column chromatography and paper chromatography suggested that the cytokinins in tea shoots might be zeatin and zeatin riboside.
The new shoots, seven over-wintering leaves from the top, the other over-winteting leaves, and the roots of the cutting grown for a year containd 15.896 μg/kg, 1.413 μg/kg, 0.557 μg/kg, and 1.788 μg/kg cytokinin (benzyl-adenine eguivalent), respectively.
Cytokinin activity in new shoots decreased during the growth.

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[in Japanese]

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