Geoinformatics

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Two models, 'model-NF' without detachment fault (contains three layers; upper crust, lower crust, and mantle) and 'model-F' with detachment fault (contains four layers; upper crust, lower crust, mantle, and detachment fault zone) are simulated to determine the effect of detachment fault on the distribution of normal faults in the incipient Red Sea area under elastic plane strain condition. The influence of rock layer properties on fault development are compared in the two models. Three types of displacement boundary condition (extensional, spreading, and spreading plus upward) are used in both models to examine the results and to search the best fitted boundary condition. Results show that (1) detachment fault controls the normal fault system in the incipient Red Sea area, (2) cohesion and friction angle are sensitive to fault development, (3) spreading and spreading plus upward displacement boundary conditions realize the reasonable results which support the active rifting hypothesis in the development of the Red Sea rift system.

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A program working on MS-Excel/VBA (Visual Basic for Application) has been developed in order to draw cumulative frequency diagrams on probability papers of uniform, normal, lognormal, exponential, Weibull and Pareto distributions. If a data set shows a linear relation between variable and cumulative frequency on any of the probability papers, it is concluded that the data are controlled by the statistical distribution model corresponding to the paper.

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