When Mycobacterium lepraemurium is grown on the 1% Ogawa yolk medium, it produces a specific odor. This odor was not observed in other easily cultivable acid-fast bacilli. Therefore, identification of the components responsible for the specific odor produced by M. lepraemurium was attempted. The odor components were extracted for overnight with sterilized and distilled water from the Ogawa yolk medium on which M. lepraemurium had been cultivated for two months. The odor components in the extract was adsorbed on refined charcoal. After washing with distilled water for three times, the charcoal was dried. Then the odor components were eluted from the charcoal with ethanol and the eluate was condensed under nitrogen gas flow at 40°C. The condensate was analyzed by GasChromatography-Mass-Spectrum (GC-MS). Phenylethanol and phenylacetic acid were identified as major odor components. A mixture of authentic phenylacetic acid, its methyl and ethylesters, smelled similar to the odor of cultivated medium of M. lepraemurium. Thus, phenylacetic acid was identified as the key odor component produced by M. lepraemurium. When initial isolation culture of M. lepraemurium from murine leproma was cultivated on the Ogawa yolk medium by adding phenylacetic acid, growth inhibition was brought by the compound.

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諸種抗菌剤のin vitro抗M. leprae活性をBACTEC460 TB Systemを用いて測定した。本システムは,7H12B液体培地中に含まれる[¹⁴C]パルミチン酸から菌の増殖あるいは代謝によって産生される₁⁴CO₂を測定し,被検菌のGrowth Index (0～999)を求めるものであるが,この培地中へのclofazimine, KRM-1648, rifabutin, clarithromycin及びrifampicinの添加により薬剤非添加対照におけるGrowth Indexに比べ85～98%と高度の抑制がみられた。また,sparfloxacin, minocycline, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin及びDDSでは21～48%と中程度の阻害作用が認められたが,他方amikacin, pipemidic acid, piromidic acid, enoxacin及びnorfloxacinにはそのような抗菌活性はみられなかった。BACTEC法で測定されたこれら薬剤のin vitro抗M. leprae活性は,マウスfoot pad感染モデル系を用いて判定されたin vivo抗らい活性と極めてよく相関することから,本システムは,諸種抗菌剤の抗M. leprae活性のスクリーニングに有用であると思われる。

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各種病型のらい患者34例と対照非らい皮膚生検標本のパラフィン切片を用いて,PGL-IとLAM-B抗原の局在を調べた。対照群4例の正常皮膚からはいずれの抗原も検出されなかったが,皮膚結核はLAM-B陽性,PGL-I陰性であった。らい病巣においては,PGL-IがTTの1例を除く33例に陽性,LAM-B抗原は全例陽性であった。
両抗原は,細胞内にsolid, granularまたはde-bris状などの形状で存在した。LLとBLでは,抗原はマクロファージと末梢神経中に多様な形態をとって認められ,BBではマクロファージ中にgranularやdebrisとして,神経中ではvacuolar状であった。一方,TTと大部分のBT例では,肉芽腫中の残存神経中にvacuolarまたはamorphousな形状で証明された。免疫化学染色では,泡沫変化と水滴様変性が形態的に区別可能であり,立毛筋中にも両抗原は陽性であった。
これらの結果から,免疫化学染色は特異性と感度が高く,らいの病理診断や病因研究に有用であると結論した。

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Harada employed periodic acid-carbol pararosaniline and periodic acid-methenamine silver stain for demonstrating chromophobic bacilli which do not get stained with conventional carbol fuchsin or counter stain, This staining method takes considerable time for complete oxidation with periodic acid, We have succeeded in reducing the oxidation time by using hydrogen peroxide treatment prior to periodic acid and with the use of acidified sodium hydrogen sulfite treatment be fore carbolpararosaniline stain. We also found that in methenamine silver stain, combined use of semicarbazide and microwave treatment can shorten the whole staining time up to four hours without losing ito sensitivity.

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The 18th World Congress of Dermatology Ichiro Kikuchi (National Leprosarium Kikuchi Keifu-En) The 18th World Congress of Dermatology was held in New York in June 1992, during which a symposium on leprosy was chaired by Dr. Bhutani of India. He characterized the spectrum of leprosy and stated that leprosy patients in the world numbered 20 to 15 million, as against the 5, 500, 000 by a WHO report. Azulay of Brazil proposed a concept of the third type of leprosy reaction with autoimmune antibodies following type 1 and type 2 reactions of Jopling. This has aroused a considerable discussion

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Minobu Jinkyo Hospital was established in 1906 by Ryumyo Tsunawaki, who is a Bonze of Nichiren Sect in Minobu Jinkyo-En Leprosy Foundation, in order to extend a hand of assistance to the Hansenites. The characteristic of this hospital was to reduce the tenets of Nichiren to practice with the fervour of Buddhist. In the heart of people, either volunteer staffs or Hansenites, flocked here from various quarters, was fostered the spirit of selfrestraint and/or -government under the influence of the Buddhist Sutra.

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