The aim of this study was to clarify the process of collective achievement in establishing and sustaining a new industry-government-academia collaborative research project aimed at improving the health of the local population. Documents such as emails and meeting minutes for the project were collected and analyzed using the Trajectory Equifinality Approach/Model to identify the determinants of project sustainability. Our results indicate that the project could be sustainable under the following conditions: (1) the secondary goal of the collaboration should be chosen if the primary goal is not achievable; (2) the project goal is shared among the sectors; and (3) social guidance is provided from any of the sectors to move the project forward, even under uncertain circumstances. Our analysis also made a theoretical contribution to cultural psychology by illustrating ‘collective becoming’ as a process of group transformation. Our findings provided a feasible model for facilitating collaboration between industry, government and academia.

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This paper attempts to provide a historical overview of the relationship between industry, government, academia, and the private sector in research and practice related to disaster prevention/reduction and recovery/restoration in the context of Japanese society. The modernization of Japan brought about major changes in this area, which had previously been carried out mainly through a soft collaboration between the “government” and the “private sector,” and led to a shift to a “government supported by industry (technology) – academia (science)” system. This system was highly successful for many years. However, a major pitfall lurked in this system, which was exposed through two major catastrophes in 1995 and in 2011, described with such terms as “collapse of the safety myth” and “unexpectedness.” The restoration of the “private sector” was expressed in terms such as “birth year of volunteerism” and “self-help, mutual-help, and public-assistance”. The transition to a new system, industrygovernment- academia-private sector” collaboration has not been smooth. It is important to recognize that the conflicts and contradictions that exist in this system are important cornerstones for true collaboration.

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This study analyzes industry–academia–government collaboration in the development of the tsunami evacuation drill support application Nige-Tore, from the perspective of qualitative research. Specifically, this study investigated the perceived meaning of innovation in the industry–academia–government collaboration that was the subject of this study. The authors have been heavily involved in the development of Nige-Tore since 2015, collaborating with private companies on the system design and user interface as well as with research institutes that conduct tsunami simulations and government officials throughout the Pacific coast area. The development process was analyzed using qualitative research methods. The results revealed that both the private companies and government officials involved in the development process felt that innovation had occurred in the development process, and that innovation was perceived not only in terms of new technology but also in changes in organizational connections and more.

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This paper focuses on the application of qualitative research in industry-academia-government collaboration, advocating a shift from conflict to complementarity and the adoption of multiplicity beyond the concept of diversity. Hence, it emphasizes the importance of “Different Beds, Same Dreams” - sharing a common goal or dream while being on different foundations from the perspective of multi-trajectory. The first section examines the issues of conflict and diversity, advocating for the emphasis on complementarity over conflict, and on multi-trajectory, which adds a temporal dimension to diversity. The second section introduces examples of the application of the Trajectory Equifinality Approach in industry-academia-government collaboration, showing how qualitative research contributes to product development and market understanding. The third section proposes the triadic structure of manufacturing, service creation, and product/service development, explaining how these elements interplay and function in coordination. The final section integrates the theory of TEA and Simondon’s concept of transduction, discussing the significance of adding a temporal dimension to trans-disciplinarity in Mode Theory. It also points out the necessity to consider the scenario of society being wrong and the importance of always learning from history to be prepared.

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This study observed infants’ tool use when eating rice by placing it on a spoon, and analyzed their regulation of the environment, based on ecological psychology. For 1 year, two infants aged 1–2 years were observed during meals at a nursery school. For this study, placing food on a spoon was defined as both a food task and a spoon task. As a result, the infants could divide food into small pieces, but they could not gather up granular food. The infants’ prospectivity within one spoon movement from the dish to the mouth was estimated. The front or left side of the dish was presumed to be the easy-to-use side. The most advanced scooping manipulation, which Connolly & Dalgleish (1989) called the “wrist rotation strategy”, was interpreted as increasing the contact area between the spoon and food on the surface of the dish to achieve the goal of placing the food on the spoon.

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This study attempted to clarify the developmental process as a political subject of undergraduate and graduate students in the Tokyo metropolitan area. The study adopted the perspective of performance psychology to describe the process of “growth without knowing” and the learning process of political indifference. The study found that first, the performance of political indifference and the justification based on the general discourse of “absence of political education” are more dominant than the actual experience in the educational field. Second, political indifference is not only an individual attitude but a result of dialogue that is collaboratively constructed through practices that avoid political topics or distinguish them from other topics. Third, “growth without knowing” and performances involving reflection on one’s political ideology can lead to voting behavior based on critical thinking. Finally, voting or not voting becoming an apparent or important topic in a network of friends may promote voting behavior.

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This study presents ethical considerations for nursing students using the case study of an emergency patient who specified no life-supporting treatment in their living will. Data were obtained from 47 fourth-year nursing students who took critical care theory immediately after completing acute care nursing practice coursework and were analyzed using the KJ technique. Students’ perspectives originated from ambiguity in language in patients with impaired willingness and included “credibility of the patient’s language”, “assessing and predicting worsening prognosis because of pain relief.” Health care workers were associated with “respect for the patient's will.” Moreover, “a critical perspective based on ethical principles in treatment credibility” considered the family’s surrogate decision-making. Students’ perspectives focused on final treatment policies leading to sedation rather than prolonging life. Using ethical principles, students considered whether family and health care workers could fulfill their respective roles. Students’ perspectives of ethical considerations were mainly patient-centered. Through this case study, students gained exposure to real-world scenarios with conflicting ethical principles and understood that optimal solutions for patient care may not be obvious.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify relationships between the learning of mentoring teachers and the way the mentoring teachers imparted their knowledge and experiences to student teachers during the teaching practicum period. In this study, qualitative coding of narratives from interviews with two elementary school mentoring teachers was used to investigate relationships between the mentoring teachers, the student teachers, and the students From the quantitative analysis results and qualitative interpretation, it became clear that the act of mentoring itself ultimately became a reflection of the mentor’s own teaching style as the mentoring teacher worked with the student teacher over the practicum period. Moreover, practical training of the student teacher by the mentoring teacher was conducted as a collaborative or cooperative relationship with the student teacher and the students. These relationships were important to the mentoring teacher with regard to being able to impart more fully effective teaching strategies to the student teacher.

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This study aimed to conduct a document analysis of a 20-year diary of a woman suspected by her family of having dementia. The study utilized Kurt Lewin’s life space as a framework to depict the modification of her life space. The results revealed modifications of relational factors (relationship between the author and the diary and the characters) and temporal factors (temporal continuity and time orientation) in the life space. The author’s life space was depicted as undergoing a qualitative modification from a period considered the life space of a typical adult (Phase I), to a period in which the boundaries of the life space region become blurred with aging and dementia (Phase II), and finally to a period in which interests become more present-oriented, and the range of movement within the life space is narrowed (Phase III).

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The purpose of this research was to propose a new method of description known as “second-person description” in psychological observational studies to capture an individual’s emotions, which are difficult to describe using a conventional scientific method of description that emphasizes objectivity and universality. Thus, this paper’s argument focused on Reddy’s theory of the second-person approach; Bakhtin’s theory of polyphonic novels; and the theories advocated by Burke, Bruner, and Merleau-Ponty, who attempted to capture phenomena from a perspective different from the framework of scientific research. The study concluded that the following are necessary factors to capture an individual’s emotions and depict phenomena to grasp phenomena from a polysemous and multilateral perspective; to recognize the researcher’s perception of the emotions of others, and to change the researcher’s attitude to have an empathetic view toward others even though the researcher is in the position of an observer. The study also deduced that it is necessary to describe a case study as an interactive narrative.

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Bowlby’s attachment theory was supported by ethnographic studies of Southern African hunter-gatherers, which revealed extremely close mother-child relationships. Nevertheless, later studies of Central African hunter-gatherers demonstrated the importance of multiple caregivers. Subsequently, it has been suggested that there is a need to reexamine attachment theory. This study aimed to examine the attachment behavior of young hunter-gatherer Baka children in Central Africa and their participation in group activities. Participatory observations were conducted and videos of playful song and dance (sɔ̀lɔ) were recorded and qualitatively analyzed, along with interactions between the young children and their caregivers. The results supported the notion of the mother as the primary attachment figure but also demonstrated the presence of multiple attachment figures. These findings were obtained via an ethnographic approach (i.e., describing and analyzing interactions through naturalistic observation). Rather than speculating about the relative importance of the mother-child attachment and presence of multiple caregivers, we discuss instead the need to rethink the concept of attachment and understand the early caregiver-child relationship from a different perspective.

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There is a lack of research on children’s experiences of conflict with their parents’ religious beliefs. In particular, there have been few studies based on the perspectives of children themselves. It is necessary to research the suffering that children go through to ensure that children have religious freedom and the right to express their opinions. To this end, the author and the interviewee held in-depth conversations in which they discussed their experiences of conflict with their parents’ religious beliefs. The present study draws on the content of these conversations to characterize the conflicts and miscommunications that occur between parents and children. Three themes were identified as a result: replacement of the subject acting as a barrier to dialogue; the particular loneliness of confronting a religious organization on one’s own; and recognizing children’s emotional pain to guarantee their self-formation. Based on these results, we found the following questions: How do I-messages function in the parent-child relationship? How could it be helpful to have connections with others outside the church? How can we support parents in establishing an appropriate distance between them and their children?

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This phenomenological study explored the significance of an adult with a developmental disability supporting selfhelp groups for others with developmental disabilities. This study was performed by analyzing the narrative of the leader of an organization that supports SHGs. Since this method describes “lived experiences,” it is suitable for this study, which aims to extract “a specific phenomenon’s significance.” In the current society, many people with disabilities behave in ways to minimize the characteristics of their developmental disabilities (“deko boko”), even if it is somewhat forced, as a way of trying to live without being reprimanded for them. However, the organization leader says, “Everyone has ‘deko boko’, so everyone can stay as they are.” She does not view characteristics of developmental disabilities as a problem and aims to create a “new view of disability” based on “living as it is” spoken and understood by society. These efforts offer crucial advice to society: It should change into one in which everyone can live in their own way, regardless of whether they have disabilities.

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Post-truth has become a familiar and serious issue. For example, people have been mobilized by a conspiracy theory called “Q anon,” leading to a collective movement. However, psychological research to date has not examined the specific phenomenon of believing in conspiracy theories. We examined conspiracy beliefs from the perspective of abduction using virtual ethnography to examine the relationship between the discourse characteristics of conspiracy theories and interactional characteristics using blog texts. Consequently, it became clear that the conspiracy theories included not only the discourse about the conspiracy organization but also about the existence of opposition to the conspiracy organization, which served as the impetus for the collective movement. In the collective movement, mediums were produced to reach out to the cabal and the opposing entities. Furthermore, various events, such as criticisms of the movement, were interpreted as the result of the medium’s influence on the cabal. The resulting belief in the cabal also led to a new collective movement.

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This study aimed to give a voice to those who suffer in silence from infertility and to present the possibility of a way of life different from that commonly promoted by society. Specifically, we interviewed one woman who had endometriosis and chose not to undergo fertility treatment, despite being aware of the possibility of infertility. Based on the obtained narratives, we describe and discuss her life story. The narrative depicts a woman who had “accepted” the possibility that she might not be able to have children. In doing so, she knew that she was potentially giving up the opportunity to “nurture” something in her own way and she “kept thinking” about the scenario of “what to do with a child”. A realization of “generative inheritance” as a factor in decision-making in fertility treatment and “acceptance” of the possibility of infertility were demonstrated. It is our hope that the findings of this study will contribute to providing better support for those suffering from infertility.

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