There is increasing concern about the health effects of the severe thermal environment in urban area. Because of these situations, it is important to predict the thermal comfort for environmental improvements and designs. For predicting thermal comfort, surrounding environmental components such as clothing material are important, because clothing material has an impact on thermal exchange between exterior environment and human body. In this paper, the heat transfer property, the moisture transfer property and the radiative properties were measured in various conditions with using our own making experimental apparatus and the principles. The heat transfer coefficient and the moisture transfer coefficient were determined by the fabric and the geometric structure of clothing material. Environmental dependence was also considered. The evaluation technique for radiative properties such as reflectivity, transmissivity and absorptivity was established and these properties were successfully measured for cotton material in different colors. Finally, the effects of clothing material were totally found out by tracking the energy flow of clothing material, and the methodological approach for clothing function to human thermal comfort was established.

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Wearing sunglasses with a UV-cut function is recommended to protect the eyes from ultraviolet rays. To investigate color perception through lenses with different-colored tints, this study examined elderly women by employing a 100-hue test to assess their color discrimination ability. The illumination on the working plane was about 5,000lx, and the lens colors of the sunglasses used were smoke, brown, and blue. In a comparison regarding the total deviation score among the those who did not wear sunglass and three colored lens groups, a significant difference was observed between no sunglass and brown lens groups, with a lower color discrimination ability identified in the latter. In a comparison regarding the mean deviation score for each of the 100 hues, significant differences were noted in 11 of the 100 hues between no sunglass and blue lens groups, and 10 of the 100 hues between no sunglass and brown lens groups. It was demonstrated that hues in the green yellow (GY), blue (B), and purple blue (PB) to purple (P) spectra were more difficult to discriminate with blue lens glasses, while hues in the red (R), yellow red (YR), green (G), blue green (BG), and red purple (RP) spectra were more difficult to discriminate with brown lens glasses.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of mist-sauna on bathing care for disabled persons. The subjects of this study were 10 health young persons (average 20.0 years old). The subjects took care of another subject who behaved as a hemiplegia patient with limited motion in the elbow and knee during mist-sauna and bathtub bathing. We measured total care period, muscle activity volume, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and white blood cells values via a blood test, and mood using the psychiatric outpatient mood scale (POMS) for bathing care. The total care period and muscle activity volume for bathing care with a mist-sauna were smaller than bathtub bathing. LDH in bathtub bathing, and the number of white blood cells using a mist-sauna was increased. Fatigue was decreased after care with a mist-sauna. These findings suggest that bathing care for disabled persons using a mist-sauna decreased the physical and psychological fatigue of cures.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate differences between mean and local skin temperatures while neutral thermal sensation and thermal comfort were obtained. Eighteen healthy female students, between 21 and 24 years old, were exposed to the conditions where air temperature differed vertically of a room (upper was warmer and lower was cooler) in summer and winter. Under these conditions, the room temperatures were adjusted to keep mean skin temperature neutral (33℃〜34℃). In summer, skin temperature differences while they felt neutral thermal sensation and thermal comfort were smaller 2.3℃ and 2.7℃, respectively. In winter, those were smaller 3.1℃ and 3.2℃. They tended to complain of coldness and discomfort with smaller differences of skin temperature in summer than in winter.

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In this paper, system of preservation and use of traditional buildings in Scotland has discussed with presenting result of investigation in Helensburgh. All laws of Britain are not applied in Scotland; as for the system of preservation and use of historical buildings, Scottish culture has been respected and the system is independent from that of Britain. Tigh-na-Mara, alteration and addition by Scottish well known architect William Leiper in early 20th century, has chosen as an object of research. Tigh-na-Mara was registered as historical building (category B) by Historic Scotland in 1993. Drawing for alteration and addition by Leiper in 1904 and for the existing plan in 1988 has been presented by the owner of Tigh-na-Mara and Helensburgh Library. Based on these drawings the, transition of alteration and addition from early 20th century to the present has been revealed.

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